Dextrose 5%/nacl 0.3% Inj, 500ml
It is used to give fluids to the body when more fluids and electrolytes are needed.It is used as a way to give other drugs as a shot.It may be given to you for other reasons. Talk with the doctor.
Drug Class
Fluid and Electrolyte Replenisher; Caloric Agent
Pharmacologic Class
Crystalloid Solution; Carbohydrate Solution
Pregnancy Category
Category C (Generally considered safe, but use with caution and monitor fluid/electrolyte balance)
FDA Approved
Jan 1970
DEA Schedule
Not Controlled
Overview
What is this medicine?
This is an intravenous (IV) fluid, often called 'sugar water with a little salt'. It's given through a vein to help keep you hydrated, provide some energy (from the sugar), and maintain the right balance of salts in your body. It's commonly used when you can't drink enough fluids or need extra hydration and nutrients.
How to Use This Medicine
Proper Use of This Medication
To use this medication correctly, follow your doctor's instructions and read all the information provided. This medication is administered as an infusion into a vein over a period of time. Your doctor may instruct you on how to self-administer this medication.
Before and after handling the medication, wash your hands thoroughly. Do not use the solution if it appears cloudy, is leaking, or contains particles. Additionally, do not use the solution if it has changed color.
To dispose of used needles and sharp objects, use a designated needle/sharp disposal box. Never reuse needles or other items. When the disposal box is full, follow local regulations for proper disposal. If you have any questions or concerns, consult your doctor or pharmacist.
Storage and Disposal
Typically, this medication is administered in a hospital or doctor's office. If you need to store it at home, follow the storage instructions provided by your doctor.
Missed Dose
If you miss a dose, contact your doctor to determine the best course of action.
To use this medication correctly, follow your doctor's instructions and read all the information provided. This medication is administered as an infusion into a vein over a period of time. Your doctor may instruct you on how to self-administer this medication.
Before and after handling the medication, wash your hands thoroughly. Do not use the solution if it appears cloudy, is leaking, or contains particles. Additionally, do not use the solution if it has changed color.
To dispose of used needles and sharp objects, use a designated needle/sharp disposal box. Never reuse needles or other items. When the disposal box is full, follow local regulations for proper disposal. If you have any questions or concerns, consult your doctor or pharmacist.
Storage and Disposal
Typically, this medication is administered in a hospital or doctor's office. If you need to store it at home, follow the storage instructions provided by your doctor.
Missed Dose
If you miss a dose, contact your doctor to determine the best course of action.
Lifestyle & Tips
- Report any discomfort or pain at the IV site immediately.
- Inform your healthcare provider if you experience swelling, shortness of breath, or unusual thirst during the infusion.
- Follow all instructions from your healthcare team regarding fluid intake and diet while receiving this infusion.
Available Forms & Alternatives
Available Strengths:
- Dextrose 5% Inj, 1000ml
- Dextrose 5% Inj, 250ml
- Dextrose 5% Inj, 100ml
- Dextrose 5% Inj, 50ml
- Dextrose 5%/nacl 0.2% Inj, 1000ml
- Dextrose 5%/nacl 0.45% Inj, 1000ml
- D5w/nacl 0.9% Inj, 1000ml
- Dextrose 50% Injection Ftv 25x50ml
- Dextrose 5% Inj, 500ml
- Dextrose 70% Inj, 2000ml
- Dextrose 5%/nacl 0.45% Inj, 500ml
- Dextrose 50% Inj, 50ml
- Dextrose 10% Inj, 500ml
- Dextrose 10% Inj, 250ml
- Dextrose 5% Inj, 25ml
- Dextrose 5% Pgbk Inj, 100ml
- Dextrose 5%/nacl 0.3% Inj, 1000ml
- Dextrose 5% Inj, 150ml
- Dextrose 5%/nacl 0.45% Inj, 250ml
- Dextrose 5%/nacl 0.3% Inj, 500ml
- Dextrose 30% Inj, 500ml
- Dextrose 20% Inj, 500ml
- Dextrose 70% Inj, 500ml
- Dextrose 10% Inj, 1000ml
- Dextrose 5%/nacl 0.3% Inj, 250ml
Dosing & Administration
Adult Dosing
Standard Dose:
Highly individualized based on patient's fluid and electrolyte needs, caloric requirements, and clinical condition. Typical infusion rates range from 40-120 mL/hour, but can be significantly higher or lower depending on clinical indication (e.g., maintenance, rehydration, or specific electrolyte replacement).
Condition-Specific Dosing:
maintenance:
Typically 80-120 mL/hour, adjusted to maintain hydration and electrolyte balance.
dehydration:
Higher rates (e.g., 200-500 mL/hour initially) may be used for rapid rehydration, then adjusted.
hypoglycemia:
Not primary treatment for acute severe hypoglycemia, but contributes to glucose supply.
Pediatric Dosing
Neonatal:
Dosing is highly individualized based on weight (e.g., 60-100 mL/kg/day initially, adjusted based on fluid balance, electrolytes, and glucose levels). Close monitoring is essential due to immature renal function and fluid balance.
Infant:
Dosing is highly individualized based on weight (e.g., 100-150 mL/kg/day, adjusted based on fluid balance, electrolytes, and glucose levels).
Child:
Dosing is highly individualized based on weight (e.g., 80-120 mL/kg/day, adjusted based on fluid balance, electrolytes, and glucose levels).
Adolescent:
Dosing is highly individualized, often approaching adult doses, based on weight and clinical needs. Close monitoring of fluid and electrolyte status is crucial.
Dose Adjustments
Renal Impairment:
Mild:
Use with caution; monitor fluid balance, electrolytes (especially sodium), and glucose closely.
Moderate:
Use with caution; monitor fluid balance, electrolytes (especially sodium), and glucose closely. May require reduced infusion rates to prevent fluid overload and electrolyte disturbances.
Severe:
Contraindicated or used with extreme caution and significant reduction in infusion rate. High risk of fluid overload, hypernatremia, and hyperglycemia. Close monitoring of fluid balance, electrolytes, and glucose is critical.
Dialysis:
Use with extreme caution; fluid and electrolyte management is complex in dialysis patients. Infusion rates must be precisely controlled to avoid fluid overload and electrolyte imbalances. Often, specific dialysis solutions are preferred.
Hepatic Impairment:
Mild:
Generally no specific adjustment required, but monitor for fluid retention and electrolyte imbalances if ascites or edema are present.
Moderate:
Generally no specific adjustment required, but monitor for fluid retention and electrolyte imbalances, especially if ascites or edema are present. May contribute to fluid overload.
Severe:
Generally no specific adjustment required for the solution itself, but monitor closely for fluid retention, electrolyte imbalances (e.g., hyponatremia), and glucose intolerance, which are common complications of severe liver disease.
Pharmacology
Mechanism of Action
Dextrose 5% provides a source of calories (170 kcal/L) and free water, which is distributed throughout the total body water, aiding in hydration and preventing ketosis. The dextrose is metabolized to carbon dioxide and water. Sodium Chloride 0.3% provides sodium and chloride ions, which are essential electrolytes for maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance, osmotic pressure, and acid-base balance. The solution expands the extracellular fluid compartment.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption:
Bioavailability:
100% (intravenous administration)
Tmax:
Not applicable (continuous infusion)
FoodEffect:
Not applicable (intravenous administration)
Distribution:
Vd:
Dextrose distributes throughout total body water. Sodium and chloride distribute primarily in the extracellular fluid compartment.
ProteinBinding:
Not applicable (electrolytes and simple sugar)
CnssPenetration:
Yes (water and electrolytes can cross the blood-brain barrier)
Elimination:
HalfLife:
Not applicable (continuously infused and metabolized/excreted)
Clearance:
Water and electrolytes are primarily cleared renally. Carbon dioxide (from dextrose metabolism) is exhaled.
ExcretionRoute:
Renal (water, sodium, chloride); Respiratory (carbon dioxide)
Unchanged:
Not applicable (components are utilized or excreted)
Pharmacodynamics
OnsetOfAction:
Immediate (upon infusion)
PeakEffect:
Continuous (effect is maintained as long as infusion continues and body utilizes components)
DurationOfAction:
Dependent on infusion rate and patient's metabolic and renal status
Safety & Warnings
Side Effects
Serious Side Effects: Seek Medical Help Immediately
Although rare, some people may experience severe and potentially life-threatening side effects while taking this medication. If you notice any of the following symptoms, contact your doctor or seek medical attention right away:
Signs of an allergic reaction, such as:
+ Rash
+ Hives
+ Itching
+ Red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever
+ Wheezing
+ Tightness in the chest or throat
+ Trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking
+ Unusual hoarseness
+ Swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat
Signs of fluid and electrolyte problems, including:
+ Mood changes
+ Confusion
+ Muscle pain or weakness
+ Fast or abnormal heartbeat
+ Severe dizziness or passing out
+ Increased thirst
+ Seizures
+ Feeling very tired or weak
+ Decreased appetite
+ Unable to pass urine or change in the amount of urine produced
+ Dry mouth
+ Dry eyes
+ Severe upset stomach or vomiting
Signs of skin infection, such as:
+ Oozing
+ Heat
+ Swelling
+ Redness
+ Pain
Swelling, warmth, numbness, change of color, or pain in a leg or arm
Chest pain or pressure
Fever
Shortness of breath
Sudden weight gain
Swelling in the arms or legs
Other Possible Side Effects
Like all medications, this drug can cause side effects. While many people may not experience any side effects or only have mild ones, it's essential to discuss any concerns with your doctor. If you experience any of the following side effects or any other symptoms that bother you or do not go away, contact your doctor:
Irritation or swelling at the injection site
* Pain at the injection site
Reporting Side Effects
This list is not exhaustive, and you may experience other side effects. If you have questions or concerns, contact your doctor. You can also report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-332-1088 or online at https://www.fda.gov/medwatch.
Although rare, some people may experience severe and potentially life-threatening side effects while taking this medication. If you notice any of the following symptoms, contact your doctor or seek medical attention right away:
Signs of an allergic reaction, such as:
+ Rash
+ Hives
+ Itching
+ Red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever
+ Wheezing
+ Tightness in the chest or throat
+ Trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking
+ Unusual hoarseness
+ Swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat
Signs of fluid and electrolyte problems, including:
+ Mood changes
+ Confusion
+ Muscle pain or weakness
+ Fast or abnormal heartbeat
+ Severe dizziness or passing out
+ Increased thirst
+ Seizures
+ Feeling very tired or weak
+ Decreased appetite
+ Unable to pass urine or change in the amount of urine produced
+ Dry mouth
+ Dry eyes
+ Severe upset stomach or vomiting
Signs of skin infection, such as:
+ Oozing
+ Heat
+ Swelling
+ Redness
+ Pain
Swelling, warmth, numbness, change of color, or pain in a leg or arm
Chest pain or pressure
Fever
Shortness of breath
Sudden weight gain
Swelling in the arms or legs
Other Possible Side Effects
Like all medications, this drug can cause side effects. While many people may not experience any side effects or only have mild ones, it's essential to discuss any concerns with your doctor. If you experience any of the following side effects or any other symptoms that bother you or do not go away, contact your doctor:
Irritation or swelling at the injection site
* Pain at the injection site
Reporting Side Effects
This list is not exhaustive, and you may experience other side effects. If you have questions or concerns, contact your doctor. You can also report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-332-1088 or online at https://www.fda.gov/medwatch.
Seek Immediate Medical Attention If You Experience:
- Swelling in your hands, feet, or ankles (edema)
- Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
- Rapid weight gain
- Increased thirst or urination
- Confusion or dizziness
- Muscle weakness or cramps
- Pain, redness, or swelling at the IV site
Before Using This Medicine
Before Taking This Medication: Important Information to Share with Your Doctor
It is essential to inform your doctor about the following:
Any allergies you have, including allergies to this medication, its components, or other substances, such as foods or drugs. Be sure to describe the symptoms you experienced as a result of the allergy.
All medications you are currently taking, including prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) drugs, natural products, and vitamins. This information will help your doctor and pharmacist assess potential interactions between this medication and other substances you are taking.
* Any existing health problems, as this medication may interact with certain conditions.
To ensure your safety, it is crucial to verify that this medication can be taken safely with all your other medications and health conditions. Never start, stop, or adjust the dosage of any medication without first consulting your doctor.
It is essential to inform your doctor about the following:
Any allergies you have, including allergies to this medication, its components, or other substances, such as foods or drugs. Be sure to describe the symptoms you experienced as a result of the allergy.
All medications you are currently taking, including prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) drugs, natural products, and vitamins. This information will help your doctor and pharmacist assess potential interactions between this medication and other substances you are taking.
* Any existing health problems, as this medication may interact with certain conditions.
To ensure your safety, it is crucial to verify that this medication can be taken safely with all your other medications and health conditions. Never start, stop, or adjust the dosage of any medication without first consulting your doctor.
Precautions & Cautions
It is essential to inform all your healthcare providers, including doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and dentists, that you are taking this medication.
If your medication contains potassium, consult your doctor before using any salt substitutes or products that also contain potassium.
For medications containing dextrose, if you have diabetes (high blood sugar), discuss this with your doctor to ensure safe use.
Regular blood tests are crucial while taking this medication. Follow your doctor's instructions regarding the frequency and timing of these tests, and discuss the results with your doctor.
When administering this medication to newborns, exercise caution due to a potentially higher risk of side effects in this age group.
If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breastfeeding, notify your doctor. It is crucial to discuss the benefits and risks of this medication to both you and your baby to make an informed decision.
If your medication contains potassium, consult your doctor before using any salt substitutes or products that also contain potassium.
For medications containing dextrose, if you have diabetes (high blood sugar), discuss this with your doctor to ensure safe use.
Regular blood tests are crucial while taking this medication. Follow your doctor's instructions regarding the frequency and timing of these tests, and discuss the results with your doctor.
When administering this medication to newborns, exercise caution due to a potentially higher risk of side effects in this age group.
If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breastfeeding, notify your doctor. It is crucial to discuss the benefits and risks of this medication to both you and your baby to make an informed decision.
Overdose Information
Overdose Symptoms:
- Fluid overload (e.g., pulmonary edema, peripheral edema, hypertension)
- Electrolyte imbalances (e.g., hypernatremia, hyperchloremia, hypokalemia)
- Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar)
- Acidosis (due to excessive chloride or rapid infusion)
What to Do:
Immediate discontinuation of infusion, supportive care, correction of fluid and electrolyte imbalances, and management of hyperglycemia (e.g., insulin administration). Call 1-800-222-1222 (Poison Control) for specific guidance if accidental overdose occurs.
Drug Interactions
Contraindicated Interactions
- Patients with known hypersensitivity to corn or corn products (for dextrose component)
- Patients with clinically significant hyperglycemia
- Patients with severe hypernatremia
- Patients with severe fluid overload (e.g., acute pulmonary edema, severe congestive heart failure) where additional fluid would be detrimental
Major Interactions
- Corticosteroids (may cause sodium and fluid retention, increasing risk of fluid overload and electrolyte imbalance)
- Diuretics (especially loop diuretics, may alter electrolyte balance and fluid volume, requiring careful monitoring)
- Drugs that increase sodium retention (e.g., NSAIDs, some antihypertensives)
- Drugs that are incompatible with Dextrose 5% or Sodium Chloride 0.3% in solution (check compatibility before mixing)
Moderate Interactions
- Insulin (may be required to manage hyperglycemia induced by dextrose infusion)
- Oral hypoglycemics (may require dose adjustment due to dextrose infusion)
- Other electrolyte-containing solutions (risk of additive electrolyte imbalances)
- Blood products (do not administer simultaneously through the same tubing due to risk of pseudoagglutination or hemolysis)
Minor Interactions
- Not available
Monitoring
Baseline Monitoring
Serum Electrolytes (Na, K, Cl, HCO3)
Rationale: To establish baseline fluid and electrolyte status and guide initial therapy.
Timing: Prior to initiation of therapy
Blood Glucose
Rationale: To establish baseline glucose level and assess risk of hyperglycemia.
Timing: Prior to initiation of therapy
Renal Function (BUN, Creatinine)
Rationale: To assess kidney's ability to excrete fluid and electrolytes.
Timing: Prior to initiation of therapy
Fluid Status (Vital Signs, I&O, Edema)
Rationale: To assess hydration status and risk of fluid overload.
Timing: Prior to initiation of therapy
Routine Monitoring
Fluid Intake and Output (I&O)
Frequency: Every 4-8 hours or as clinically indicated
Target: Balanced or as per clinical goal
Action Threshold: Significant positive or negative fluid balance; signs of fluid overload or dehydration
Serum Electrolytes (Na, K, Cl)
Frequency: Daily or more frequently if clinically indicated (e.g., every 6-12 hours in critical patients)
Target: Sodium: 135-145 mEq/L; Potassium: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L; Chloride: 98-106 mEq/L
Action Threshold: Abnormal values (e.g., hypernatremia, hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hyperkalemia)
Blood Glucose
Frequency: Every 4-6 hours initially, then daily or as needed
Target: 70-180 mg/dL (individualized based on patient condition)
Action Threshold: Persistent hyperglycemia (>180 mg/dL) or hypoglycemia (<70 mg/dL)
Vital Signs (BP, HR, RR)
Frequency: Every 4-8 hours or as clinically indicated
Target: Within patient's normal range
Action Threshold: Significant changes indicating fluid overload (e.g., hypertension, tachycardia, tachypnea) or dehydration
Physical Assessment (Edema, Lung Sounds)
Frequency: Daily or as clinically indicated
Target: No new edema, clear lung sounds
Action Threshold: New or worsening peripheral edema, crackles/rales in lungs
Symptom Monitoring
- Signs of fluid overload (e.g., dyspnea, orthopnea, peripheral edema, jugular venous distension, crackles on lung auscultation)
- Signs of electrolyte imbalance (e.g., muscle weakness, cramps, confusion, arrhythmias, seizures)
- Signs of hyperglycemia (e.g., polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, blurred vision)
- Signs of infusion site reactions (e.g., pain, redness, swelling, phlebitis)
Special Patient Groups
Pregnancy
Generally considered safe for use during pregnancy when clinically indicated for fluid and electrolyte replacement or caloric support. Close monitoring of fluid balance, electrolytes, and glucose is recommended.
Trimester-Specific Risks:
First Trimester:
No specific risks identified beyond general fluid and electrolyte management.
Second Trimester:
No specific risks identified beyond general fluid and electrolyte management.
Third Trimester:
No specific risks identified beyond general fluid and electrolyte management. May be used for hydration during labor.
Lactation
Considered compatible with breastfeeding. The components (water, dextrose, sodium, chloride) are natural constituents of breast milk and are not expected to cause adverse effects in the infant.
Infant Risk:
Low risk. No known adverse effects on breastfed infants.
Pediatric Use
Use with extreme caution and precise dosing based on weight, age, and clinical condition. Pediatric patients, especially neonates and infants, have immature renal function and are highly susceptible to fluid overload, electrolyte imbalances (e.g., hyponatremia, hypernatremia), and hyperglycemia. Frequent monitoring of fluid balance, electrolytes, and blood glucose is critical.
Geriatric Use
Use with caution. Elderly patients are at increased risk of fluid overload, electrolyte imbalances (due to age-related decline in renal function and altered fluid regulation), and glucose intolerance. Close monitoring of fluid status, renal function, electrolytes, and blood glucose is essential. Lower infusion rates may be necessary.
Clinical Information
Clinical Pearls
- Always verify solution compatibility before adding any medications.
- Administer slowly and monitor closely in patients at risk for fluid overload (e.g., heart failure, renal impairment).
- Regularly assess IV site for signs of infiltration or phlebitis.
- This solution is hypotonic relative to plasma after dextrose is metabolized, providing free water. This can be beneficial for cellular hydration but can worsen hyponatremia if not carefully monitored.
- Not suitable for rapid volume expansion alone; consider isotonic solutions (e.g., 0.9% NaCl) for acute hypovolemia.
- Not a significant source of calories for prolonged nutritional support; consider total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for long-term needs.
Alternative Therapies
- Oral rehydration solutions (for mild to moderate dehydration)
- Other intravenous crystalloid solutions (e.g., Ringer's Lactate, Plasma-Lyte)
- Colloid solutions (e.g., albumin, for specific volume expansion needs)
- Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) (for comprehensive nutritional support)
Cost & Coverage
Average Cost:
$5 - $20 per 500mL bag
Generic Available:
Yes
Insurance Coverage:
Covered by most medical insurance plans as a standard hospital supply/medication.
General Drug Facts
If your symptoms or health problems do not improve or worsen over time, it is essential to contact your doctor for further guidance. To ensure your safety and the safety of others, never share your medication with anyone, and do not take medication that has been prescribed to someone else.
Store all medications in a secure location, out of the reach of children and pets, to prevent accidental ingestion. When disposing of unused or expired medications, do not flush them down the toilet or pour them down the drain unless specifically instructed to do so by a healthcare professional or the medication's instructions. Instead, consult with your pharmacist to determine the best disposal method, as some communities have drug take-back programs in place.
Additionally, some medications may have a separate patient information leaflet; check with your pharmacist for more information. If you have any questions or concerns about your medication, it is crucial to discuss them with your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other healthcare provider.
In the event of a suspected overdose, immediately contact your local poison control center or seek emergency medical attention. Be prepared to provide information about the medication taken, the amount, and the time it was taken, as this will aid healthcare professionals in providing appropriate care.
Store all medications in a secure location, out of the reach of children and pets, to prevent accidental ingestion. When disposing of unused or expired medications, do not flush them down the toilet or pour them down the drain unless specifically instructed to do so by a healthcare professional or the medication's instructions. Instead, consult with your pharmacist to determine the best disposal method, as some communities have drug take-back programs in place.
Additionally, some medications may have a separate patient information leaflet; check with your pharmacist for more information. If you have any questions or concerns about your medication, it is crucial to discuss them with your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other healthcare provider.
In the event of a suspected overdose, immediately contact your local poison control center or seek emergency medical attention. Be prepared to provide information about the medication taken, the amount, and the time it was taken, as this will aid healthcare professionals in providing appropriate care.