Dextrose 5%/nacl 0.2% Inj, 1000ml
It is used to give fluids to the body when more fluids and electrolytes are needed.It is used as a way to give other drugs as a shot.It may be given to you for other reasons. Talk with the doctor.
Drug Class
Fluid and Electrolyte Replenisher; Caloric Agent
Pharmacologic Class
Hypotonic Dextrose-Saline Solution; Crystalloid Solution
Pregnancy Category
Not available (generally considered safe and essential for clinical need)
FDA Approved
Jan 1970
DEA Schedule
Not Controlled
Overview
What is this medicine?
This is a sterile liquid given through a vein (IV) to provide your body with water, a small amount of salt, and sugar (dextrose) for energy. It helps keep you hydrated and provides some calories, especially when you can't drink enough fluids or need extra support.
How to Use This Medicine
Proper Use of This Medication
To use this medication correctly, follow your doctor's instructions and read all the information provided. This medication is administered as an infusion into a vein over a period of time. Your doctor may instruct you on how to self-administer this medication.
Before and after handling the medication, wash your hands thoroughly. Do not use the medication if the solution appears cloudy, is leaking, or contains particles. Additionally, do not use the solution if it has changed color.
To dispose of used needles and other sharp objects, use a needle/sharp disposal box. Never reuse needles or other items. When the disposal box is full, follow local regulations for proper disposal. If you have any questions or concerns, consult your doctor or pharmacist.
Storage and Disposal
Typically, this medication is administered in a hospital or doctor's office. If you need to store it at home, follow the storage instructions provided by your doctor.
Missed Dose
If you miss a dose, contact your doctor to determine the best course of action.
To use this medication correctly, follow your doctor's instructions and read all the information provided. This medication is administered as an infusion into a vein over a period of time. Your doctor may instruct you on how to self-administer this medication.
Before and after handling the medication, wash your hands thoroughly. Do not use the medication if the solution appears cloudy, is leaking, or contains particles. Additionally, do not use the solution if it has changed color.
To dispose of used needles and other sharp objects, use a needle/sharp disposal box. Never reuse needles or other items. When the disposal box is full, follow local regulations for proper disposal. If you have any questions or concerns, consult your doctor or pharmacist.
Storage and Disposal
Typically, this medication is administered in a hospital or doctor's office. If you need to store it at home, follow the storage instructions provided by your doctor.
Missed Dose
If you miss a dose, contact your doctor to determine the best course of action.
Lifestyle & Tips
- Report any swelling (especially in ankles, feet, or face), difficulty breathing, or changes in urination to your healthcare provider immediately.
- Inform your healthcare provider if you have a history of heart failure, kidney problems, or diabetes, as this fluid needs to be given carefully.
- Maintain good oral hygiene if you are unable to eat or drink normally.
Available Forms & Alternatives
Available Strengths:
- Dextrose 5% Inj, 1000ml
- Dextrose 5% Inj, 250ml
- Dextrose 5% Inj, 100ml
- Dextrose 5% Inj, 50ml
- Dextrose 5%/nacl 0.2% Inj, 1000ml
- Dextrose 5%/nacl 0.45% Inj, 1000ml
- D5w/nacl 0.9% Inj, 1000ml
- Dextrose 50% Injection Ftv 25x50ml
- Dextrose 5% Inj, 500ml
- Dextrose 70% Inj, 2000ml
- Dextrose 5%/nacl 0.45% Inj, 500ml
- Dextrose 50% Inj, 50ml
- Dextrose 10% Inj, 500ml
- Dextrose 10% Inj, 250ml
- Dextrose 5% Inj, 25ml
- Dextrose 5% Pgbk Inj, 100ml
- Dextrose 5%/nacl 0.3% Inj, 1000ml
- Dextrose 5% Inj, 150ml
- Dextrose 5%/nacl 0.45% Inj, 250ml
- Dextrose 5%/nacl 0.3% Inj, 500ml
- Dextrose 30% Inj, 500ml
- Dextrose 20% Inj, 500ml
- Dextrose 70% Inj, 500ml
- Dextrose 10% Inj, 1000ml
- Dextrose 5%/nacl 0.3% Inj, 250ml
Dosing & Administration
Adult Dosing
Standard Dose:
Individualized based on patient's fluid, electrolyte, and caloric needs, clinical condition, and body weight. Typical infusion rates range from 40-125 mL/hour for maintenance, but can be higher for repletion.
Condition-Specific Dosing:
Maintenance Fluid:
Typically 40-125 mL/hour, adjusted to maintain hydration and electrolyte balance.
Dehydration:
Higher rates may be used for initial repletion, followed by maintenance rates.
Pediatric Dosing
Neonatal:
Individualized based on body weight (e.g., 60-100 mL/kg/day initially, adjusted based on clinical status, fluid balance, and electrolytes).
Infant:
Individualized based on body weight (e.g., 100-120 mL/kg/day, adjusted based on clinical status, fluid balance, and electrolytes).
Child:
Individualized based on body weight (e.g., 80-100 mL/kg/day, adjusted based on clinical status, fluid balance, and electrolytes).
Adolescent:
Individualized based on body weight (e.g., 60-80 mL/kg/day, adjusted based on clinical status, fluid balance, and electrolytes), or adult dosing if appropriate.
Dose Adjustments
Renal Impairment:
Mild:
Use with caution; monitor fluid balance and electrolytes closely.
Moderate:
Use with caution; monitor fluid balance and electrolytes closely; adjust rate to prevent fluid overload or electrolyte imbalance.
Severe:
Contraindicated in severe renal failure unless specific fluid and electrolyte deficits are being corrected under strict monitoring. Risk of fluid overload and electrolyte derangements (e.g., hypernatremia, hyponatremia).
Dialysis:
Use with extreme caution; typically avoided or used in very small, precisely calculated volumes to avoid fluid overload. Dialysis will manage fluid and electrolyte balance.
Hepatic Impairment:
Mild:
No specific dose adjustment required, but monitor for fluid overload if ascites or edema are present.
Moderate:
No specific dose adjustment required, but monitor for fluid overload if ascites or edema are present.
Severe:
No specific dose adjustment required, but monitor for fluid overload, especially in patients with significant ascites or portal hypertension. Avoid rapid infusion.
Pharmacology
Mechanism of Action
Dextrose 5% in 0.2% Sodium Chloride Injection provides water, electrolytes (sodium and chloride), and calories (dextrose). Dextrose is rapidly metabolized, providing approximately 170 kcal/L and leaving free water. This free water then distributes throughout the total body water, promoting renal solute excretion. The sodium chloride component helps maintain plasma osmolality and extracellular fluid volume. The solution is initially isotonic but becomes hypotonic in vivo after dextrose metabolism, making it effective for providing free water.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption:
Bioavailability:
100% (intravenous administration)
Tmax:
Not applicable (immediate distribution)
FoodEffect:
Not applicable
Distribution:
Vd:
Distributes throughout total body water (for water component); sodium and chloride distribute primarily in the extracellular fluid; dextrose distributes throughout total body water.
ProteinBinding:
Not applicable (water, ions, glucose)
CnssPenetration:
Yes (water, sodium, chloride, and glucose readily cross the blood-brain barrier)
Elimination:
HalfLife:
Not applicable (components are utilized or excreted continuously)
Clearance:
Water and electrolytes are cleared primarily by renal excretion, insensible losses, and metabolic utilization (dextrose).
ExcretionRoute:
Renal (urine), insensible losses (respiration, perspiration), metabolic utilization.
Unchanged:
Variable (depends on patient's hydration and metabolic state)
Pharmacodynamics
OnsetOfAction:
Immediate
PeakEffect:
Rapid (within minutes of infusion)
DurationOfAction:
Dependent on infusion rate, patient's fluid and electrolyte status, and metabolic needs. Components are continuously utilized or excreted.
Safety & Warnings
Side Effects
Urgent Side Effects: Seek Medical Help Right Away
Although rare, some people may experience severe and potentially life-threatening side effects while taking this medication. If you notice any of the following symptoms, contact your doctor immediately or seek emergency medical attention:
Signs of an allergic reaction, such as:
+ Rash
+ Hives
+ Itching
+ Red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever
+ Wheezing
+ Tightness in the chest or throat
+ Trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking
+ Unusual hoarseness
+ Swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat
Signs of fluid and electrolyte problems, including:
+ Mood changes
+ Confusion
+ Muscle pain or weakness
+ Fast or abnormal heartbeat
+ Severe dizziness or fainting
+ Increased thirst
+ Seizures
+ Feeling extremely tired or weak
+ Decreased appetite
+ Difficulty urinating or changes in urine output
+ Dry mouth
+ Dry eyes
+ Severe stomach upset or vomiting
Signs of skin infection, such as:
+ Oozing
+ Heat
+ Swelling
+ Redness
+ Pain
Swelling, warmth, numbness, color changes, or pain in a leg or arm
Chest pain or pressure
Fever
Shortness of breath
Sudden weight gain
Swelling in the arms or legs
Other Possible Side Effects
Like all medications, this drug can cause side effects. While many people may not experience any side effects or only mild ones, it's essential to discuss any concerns with your doctor. Contact your doctor or seek medical help if you experience:
Irritation or swelling at the injection site
* Pain at the injection site
This is not an exhaustive list of possible side effects. If you have questions or concerns, consult your doctor. You can also report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-332-1088 or online at https://www.fda.gov/medwatch.
Although rare, some people may experience severe and potentially life-threatening side effects while taking this medication. If you notice any of the following symptoms, contact your doctor immediately or seek emergency medical attention:
Signs of an allergic reaction, such as:
+ Rash
+ Hives
+ Itching
+ Red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever
+ Wheezing
+ Tightness in the chest or throat
+ Trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking
+ Unusual hoarseness
+ Swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat
Signs of fluid and electrolyte problems, including:
+ Mood changes
+ Confusion
+ Muscle pain or weakness
+ Fast or abnormal heartbeat
+ Severe dizziness or fainting
+ Increased thirst
+ Seizures
+ Feeling extremely tired or weak
+ Decreased appetite
+ Difficulty urinating or changes in urine output
+ Dry mouth
+ Dry eyes
+ Severe stomach upset or vomiting
Signs of skin infection, such as:
+ Oozing
+ Heat
+ Swelling
+ Redness
+ Pain
Swelling, warmth, numbness, color changes, or pain in a leg or arm
Chest pain or pressure
Fever
Shortness of breath
Sudden weight gain
Swelling in the arms or legs
Other Possible Side Effects
Like all medications, this drug can cause side effects. While many people may not experience any side effects or only mild ones, it's essential to discuss any concerns with your doctor. Contact your doctor or seek medical help if you experience:
Irritation or swelling at the injection site
* Pain at the injection site
This is not an exhaustive list of possible side effects. If you have questions or concerns, consult your doctor. You can also report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-332-1088 or online at https://www.fda.gov/medwatch.
Seek Immediate Medical Attention If You Experience:
- Swelling in your hands, feet, or ankles (edema)
- Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
- Rapid weight gain
- Increased thirst or dry mouth
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Confusion or unusual drowsiness
- Muscle weakness or cramps
- Increased urination or very little urination
Before Using This Medicine
Before Taking This Medication: Important Information to Share with Your Doctor
It is essential to inform your doctor about the following:
Any allergies you have, including allergies to this medication, its components, or other substances, such as foods or drugs. Be sure to describe the symptoms you experienced as a result of the allergy.
All medications you are currently taking, including prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) drugs, natural products, and vitamins. This information will help your doctor and pharmacist assess potential interactions between this medication and other substances you are taking.
* Any existing health problems, as this medication may interact with certain conditions.
To ensure your safety, it is crucial to verify that this medication can be taken safely with all your other medications and health conditions. Never start, stop, or adjust the dosage of any medication without first consulting your doctor.
It is essential to inform your doctor about the following:
Any allergies you have, including allergies to this medication, its components, or other substances, such as foods or drugs. Be sure to describe the symptoms you experienced as a result of the allergy.
All medications you are currently taking, including prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) drugs, natural products, and vitamins. This information will help your doctor and pharmacist assess potential interactions between this medication and other substances you are taking.
* Any existing health problems, as this medication may interact with certain conditions.
To ensure your safety, it is crucial to verify that this medication can be taken safely with all your other medications and health conditions. Never start, stop, or adjust the dosage of any medication without first consulting your doctor.
Precautions & Cautions
It is essential to inform all your healthcare providers, including doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and dentists, that you are taking this medication.
If your medication contains potassium, consult your doctor before using any salt substitutes or products that have potassium in them.
For medications containing dextrose, if you have diabetes (high blood sugar), discuss this with your doctor to ensure safe use.
Regular blood tests will be necessary as directed by your doctor. Be sure to follow their instructions and discuss any concerns with them.
When administering this medication to newborns, exercise caution due to a potentially higher risk of side effects in this age group.
If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breastfeeding, notify your doctor. They will help you weigh the benefits and risks of this medication for both you and your baby.
If your medication contains potassium, consult your doctor before using any salt substitutes or products that have potassium in them.
For medications containing dextrose, if you have diabetes (high blood sugar), discuss this with your doctor to ensure safe use.
Regular blood tests will be necessary as directed by your doctor. Be sure to follow their instructions and discuss any concerns with them.
When administering this medication to newborns, exercise caution due to a potentially higher risk of side effects in this age group.
If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breastfeeding, notify your doctor. They will help you weigh the benefits and risks of this medication for both you and your baby.
Overdose Information
Overdose Symptoms:
- Fluid overload (e.g., pulmonary edema, peripheral edema, hypertension)
- Electrolyte imbalances (e.g., hyponatremia, hypernatremia, hypokalemia)
- Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar)
- Cerebral edema (especially in children or patients with certain conditions)
What to Do:
Overdose requires immediate medical attention. Management involves discontinuing the infusion, administering diuretics to remove excess fluid, correcting electrolyte imbalances, and managing hyperglycemia (e.g., with insulin). Call 911 or your local emergency number immediately.
Drug Interactions
Monitoring
Baseline Monitoring
Serum Electrolytes (Na, K, Cl, HCO3)
Rationale: To establish baseline electrolyte status and identify pre-existing imbalances.
Timing: Prior to initiation of therapy
Renal Function (BUN, Creatinine)
Rationale: To assess kidney's ability to excrete fluid and electrolytes.
Timing: Prior to initiation of therapy
Fluid Status (Weight, Vital Signs, Edema)
Rationale: To assess baseline hydration status and risk of fluid overload.
Timing: Prior to initiation of therapy
Blood Glucose
Rationale: To establish baseline glucose level, especially in diabetic patients or those at risk of hyperglycemia.
Timing: Prior to initiation of therapy
Routine Monitoring
Fluid Intake and Output (I&O)
Frequency: Every 4-8 hours or as clinically indicated
Target: Balanced I&O, or as per fluid management goals
Action Threshold: Significant positive or negative fluid balance; signs of fluid overload or dehydration
Serum Electrolytes (Na, K, Cl)
Frequency: Daily or as clinically indicated (e.g., every 12-24 hours)
Target: Within normal physiological range (e.g., Na 135-145 mEq/L)
Action Threshold: Significant deviations from normal range, especially hyponatremia or hypernatremia
Blood Glucose
Frequency: Every 6-12 hours or as clinically indicated (more frequently in diabetics or critically ill patients)
Target: 70-180 mg/dL (or per institutional protocol)
Action Threshold: Hypoglycemia (<70 mg/dL) or Hyperglycemia (>180 mg/dL)
Vital Signs (BP, HR, RR)
Frequency: Every 4-8 hours or as clinically indicated
Target: Within patient's normal range
Action Threshold: Changes indicative of fluid overload (e.g., elevated BP, crackles) or dehydration (e.g., tachycardia, hypotension)
Body Weight
Frequency: Daily
Target: Stable or as per fluid management goals
Action Threshold: Rapid weight gain (>1-2 kg/day) or loss
Symptom Monitoring
- Signs of fluid overload (e.g., peripheral edema, pulmonary crackles, dyspnea, jugular venous distension, rapid weight gain)
- Signs of dehydration (e.g., dry mucous membranes, decreased skin turgor, decreased urine output, thirst, dizziness, rapid weight loss)
- Symptoms of electrolyte imbalance (e.g., muscle weakness, cramps, confusion, lethargy, seizures, cardiac arrhythmias)
- Symptoms of hyperglycemia (e.g., polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, blurred vision)
- Symptoms of hypoglycemia (e.g., sweating, tremors, hunger, confusion, dizziness, weakness)
Special Patient Groups
Pregnancy
Generally considered safe and often used in pregnancy for hydration, electrolyte balance, and caloric support, especially in cases of hyperemesis gravidarum or labor. Use should be guided by clinical need and careful monitoring of fluid and electrolyte status.
Trimester-Specific Risks:
First Trimester:
Low risk; used as needed for hydration.
Second Trimester:
Low risk; used as needed for hydration.
Third Trimester:
Low risk; used as needed for hydration and during labor.
Lactation
Considered safe for use during lactation. The components (water, dextrose, sodium, chloride) are naturally present in breast milk and are essential for the mother's health. No adverse effects on the breastfed infant are expected.
Infant Risk:
Low risk (L1)
Pediatric Use
Requires careful calculation of dose based on body weight, age, and clinical condition to avoid fluid overload, electrolyte imbalances (especially hyponatremia), and hyperglycemia. Children, particularly neonates and infants, are more susceptible to fluid and electrolyte shifts and require close monitoring.
Geriatric Use
Use with caution in elderly patients due to increased risk of fluid overload, electrolyte imbalances (especially hyponatremia), and impaired renal or cardiac function. Slower infusion rates and close monitoring of fluid status, electrolytes, and vital signs are recommended.
Clinical Information
Clinical Pearls
- Always verify compatibility with any other medications to be administered through the same IV line.
- This solution is initially isotonic but becomes hypotonic in vivo after dextrose is metabolized, providing free water. This makes it suitable for maintenance fluid therapy but can contribute to hyponatremia if given in excessive amounts, especially in patients with impaired free water excretion (e.g., SIADH, post-operative patients, children).
- Monitor for signs of fluid overload (e.g., pulmonary edema, peripheral edema) and electrolyte imbalances (e.g., hyponatremia, hyperglycemia).
- Not suitable for rapid volume expansion alone due to its hypotonic nature after dextrose metabolism.
- Consider patient's underlying conditions (e.g., heart failure, renal impairment, diabetes) when determining infusion rate and duration.
Alternative Therapies
- Oral rehydration solutions (for mild to moderate dehydration, if patient can tolerate oral intake)
- Other intravenous crystalloid solutions (e.g., balanced salt solutions)
- Colloid solutions (for specific volume expansion needs)
Cost & Coverage
Average Cost:
$5 - $20 per 1000mL bag
Generic Available:
Yes
Insurance Coverage:
Typically covered by most health insurance plans as it is a standard medical supply/medication.
General Drug Facts
If your symptoms or health problems persist or worsen, it is essential to contact your doctor for further evaluation and guidance. To ensure safe and effective treatment, never share your medication with others, and do not take medication prescribed for someone else.
Store all medications in a secure location, out of the reach of children and pets, to prevent accidental ingestion. Properly dispose of unused or expired medications by checking with your pharmacist for guidance on the best disposal method. Unless instructed to do so, avoid flushing medications down the toilet or pouring them down the drain, as this can harm the environment. Many communities have drug take-back programs, which your pharmacist can help you locate.
Some medications may come with an additional patient information leaflet, so be sure to check with your pharmacist for more information. If you have any questions or concerns about your medication, consult with your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other healthcare provider.
In the event of a suspected overdose, immediately contact your local poison control center or seek emergency medical attention. Be prepared to provide information about the medication taken, including the dosage, time of ingestion, and any other relevant details to ensure prompt and effective treatment.
Store all medications in a secure location, out of the reach of children and pets, to prevent accidental ingestion. Properly dispose of unused or expired medications by checking with your pharmacist for guidance on the best disposal method. Unless instructed to do so, avoid flushing medications down the toilet or pouring them down the drain, as this can harm the environment. Many communities have drug take-back programs, which your pharmacist can help you locate.
Some medications may come with an additional patient information leaflet, so be sure to check with your pharmacist for more information. If you have any questions or concerns about your medication, consult with your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other healthcare provider.
In the event of a suspected overdose, immediately contact your local poison control center or seek emergency medical attention. Be prepared to provide information about the medication taken, including the dosage, time of ingestion, and any other relevant details to ensure prompt and effective treatment.