Heparin Sod 1000u/ml Inj,30ml

Heparin binds to antithrombin (ATIII), a plasma protein, causing a conformational change that greatly accelerates ATIII's inhibitory action on several activated coagulation factors, most notably thrombin (Factor IIa) and Factor Xa. This prevents the formation of fibrin clots and the propagation of existing clots.

Serious Side Effects: Seek Medical Help Immediately

Although rare, some people may experience severe and potentially life-threatening side effects while taking this medication. If you notice any of the following symptoms, contact your doctor or seek medical attention right away:

Signs of an allergic reaction, such as:
+ Rash
+ Hives
+ Itching
+ Red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever
+ Wheezing
+ Tightness in the chest or throat
+ Trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking
+ Unusual hoarseness
+ Swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat
Signs of bleeding, including:
+ Vomiting or coughing up blood
+ Vomit that resembles coffee grounds
+ Blood in the urine
+ Black, red, or tarry stools
+ Bleeding from the gums
+ Abnormal vaginal bleeding
+ Unexplained bruises or bruises that enlarge
+ Uncontrollable bleeding
Neurological symptoms, such as:
+ Weakness on one side of the body
+ Difficulty speaking or thinking
+ Changes in balance
+ Drooping on one side of the face
+ Blurred vision
Confusion
Severe headache
Dizziness or fainting
Upset stomach or vomiting
Unusual burning sensations, particularly on the soles of the feet
Swelling, warmth, numbness, color changes, or pain in a leg or arm
Chest pain or pressure
Shortness of breath
Back pain
Groin or pelvic pain or swelling
Changes in skin color at the injection site
Skin breakdown at the site of application
Fever or chills

Other Possible Side Effects

As with any medication, you may experience side effects. While many people do not have any side effects or only minor ones, it is essential to discuss any concerns with your doctor. If you experience any side effects that bother you or persist, contact your doctor for guidance.

Please note that this list is not exhaustive, and you may experience other side effects not mentioned here. If you have questions or concerns about side effects, consult your doctor. You can also report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-332-1088 or online at https://www.fda.gov/medwatch.

Before Taking This Medication: Important Information to Share with Your Doctor

It is essential to inform your doctor about the following:

Any allergies you have, including allergies to this medication, its components, or other substances, such as foods or drugs. Be sure to describe the allergic reaction you experienced.
If you are allergic to pork products, discuss this with your doctor.
* Certain health conditions, including:
+ Bleeding problems
+ Low platelet count
+ A history of low platelet count caused by heparin or pentosan polysulfate

This list is not exhaustive, and it is crucial to disclose all your medications (prescription, over-the-counter, natural products, and vitamins) and health issues to your doctor and pharmacist. They will help determine if it is safe to take this medication with your other medications and health conditions. Never start, stop, or adjust the dosage of any medication without first consulting your doctor.

It is essential to inform all your healthcare providers, including doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and dentists, that you are taking this medication.

While on this medication, you may experience easier bleeding, so it's crucial to be cautious and avoid injuries. To minimize the risk of bleeding, use a soft toothbrush and an electric razor for shaving.

There is a risk of severe and potentially life-threatening bleeding problems associated with this medication. Additionally, this drug can cause a condition known as heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), which may lead to the formation of blood clots, also referred to as heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis (HITTS). Both HIT and HITTS can be fatal or cause other serious complications, and they may occur up to several weeks after stopping the medication. If you have any questions or concerns, discuss them with your doctor. It is also important to have your blood work checked as directed by your doctor.

This medication may interfere with certain laboratory tests, so it's vital to inform all your healthcare providers and laboratory personnel that you are taking this drug.

If you fall, injure yourself, or hit your head, contact your doctor immediately, even if you feel fine.

Ensure that you have the correct product, as this medication comes in various containers and strengths. If you have any doubts, consult your doctor or pharmacist.

If you are allergic to sulfites, inform your doctor, as some products may contain sulfites.

Individuals over 60 years old should use this medication with caution, as they may be more prone to side effects.

Some products may contain benzyl alcohol, which can cause serious side effects in newborns and infants, especially when combined with other medications containing benzyl alcohol. Consult your doctor to determine if the product you are using contains benzyl alcohol.

If you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breastfeeding, inform your doctor to discuss the potential benefits and risks to you and your baby.

• Patients with a history of Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) or Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia with Thrombosis (HITT).

• Other anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban): Increased risk of bleeding.
• Antiplatelet agents (e.g., aspirin, clopidogrel, prasugrel, ticagrelor, dipyridamole, NSAIDs): Increased risk of bleeding.
• Thrombolytic agents (e.g., alteplase, reteplase, tenecteplase): Increased risk of bleeding.
• Dextran: Increased risk of bleeding.

• Cephalosporins (e.g., cefamandole, cefoperazone, cefotetan): May cause hypoprothrombinemia, increasing bleeding risk.
• Nitroglycerin (IV): May cause heparin resistance, requiring higher heparin doses.
• Probenecid: May increase heparin levels.

• Herbal supplements with anticoagulant/antiplatelet effects (e.g., ginkgo biloba, garlic, ginger, dong quai, feverfew): Potential additive bleeding risk.

• Unusual bleeding or bruising (e.g., nosebleeds, gum bleeding, blood in urine or stools, excessive bruising)
• Petechiae (small red spots on skin)
• Signs of internal bleeding (e.g., severe headache, abdominal pain, weakness, dizziness, pallor)
• Signs of Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) such as new or worsening thrombosis, skin lesions at injection sites, or a sudden drop in platelet count.

Heparin is generally considered the anticoagulant of choice during pregnancy because it does not cross the placenta and therefore does not cause fetal anticoagulation or teratogenic effects. However, close monitoring is required due to increased risk of bleeding in the mother.

Heparin is considered safe for use during breastfeeding. It is a large molecule and does not pass into breast milk in clinically significant amounts.

Requires careful weight-based dosing and frequent monitoring of aPTT and platelet counts due to higher clearance rates and potential for increased variability in response compared to adults. Risk of bleeding is present.

Increased risk of bleeding due to age-related physiological changes (e.g., decreased renal function, increased capillary fragility, polypharmacy). Lower doses or more frequent monitoring may be necessary. Increased risk of osteoporosis with long-term use.

• Heparin's anticoagulant effect is highly variable among individuals, necessitating close laboratory monitoring (aPTT) and dose titration.
• Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a serious, immune-mediated complication that can lead to paradoxical thrombosis. Monitor platelet counts closely, especially between days 5-14 of therapy, or earlier if prior heparin exposure.
• The antidote for heparin overdose is protamine sulfate, which rapidly neutralizes heparin's anticoagulant effect.
• Heparin has a non-linear dose-response relationship and clearance, meaning small changes in dose can lead to disproportionately large changes in effect.
• Subcutaneous heparin is used for prophylaxis, while intravenous heparin is used for therapeutic anticoagulation.
• Ensure correct concentration is used, especially distinguishing between therapeutic concentrations (e.g., 1000 units/mL, 5000 units/mL) and flush concentrations (e.g., 10 units/mL, 100 units/mL) to prevent fatal medication errors.

• Low Molecular Weight Heparins (LMWHs) (e.g., enoxaparin, dalteparin)
• Warfarin (Vitamin K antagonist)
• Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs) (e.g., dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban)
• Direct Thrombin Inhibitors (e.g., argatroban, bivalirudin, dabigatran)
• Factor Xa Inhibitors (e.g., fondaparinux, rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban)

If your symptoms or health problems do not improve or worsen over time, it is essential to contact your doctor for further guidance. To ensure safe use, never share your medication with others, and do not take medication prescribed to someone else. Store all medications in a secure location, out of reach of children and pets, to prevent accidental ingestion.

Proper disposal of unused or expired medications is crucial. Do not dispose of them by flushing down the toilet or pouring down the drain unless specifically instructed to do so. If you are unsure about the correct disposal method, consult your pharmacist for advice. Many communities have drug take-back programs, which your pharmacist can help you locate.

Some medications may come with an additional patient information leaflet; check with your pharmacist to see if this applies to your prescription. If you have any questions or concerns about your medication, do not hesitate to discuss them with your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other healthcare provider.

In the event of a suspected overdose, immediately contact your local poison control center or seek emergency medical attention. Be prepared to provide detailed information about the overdose, including the name of the medication, the amount taken, and the time it occurred, to ensure prompt and effective treatment.