Glyset 25mg Tablets

Miglitol is an oral alpha-glucosidase inhibitor that delays the digestion of carbohydrates in the small intestine. It competitively inhibits alpha-glucosidase enzymes (sucrase, maltase, glucoamylase, dextranase) in the brush border of the small intestine, leading to a slower and lower rise in postprandial blood glucose levels.

Urgent Side Effects: Seek Medical Help Right Away

While rare, some people may experience severe and potentially life-threatening side effects when taking this medication. If you notice any of the following symptoms, contact your doctor or seek immediate medical attention:

Signs of an allergic reaction, such as:
+ Rash
+ Hives
+ Itching
+ Red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever
+ Wheezing
+ Tightness in the chest or throat
+ Trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking
+ Unusual hoarseness
+ Swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat
Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), which can occur when this medication is used with other diabetes medications. Symptoms may include:
+ Dizziness
+ Headache
+ Feeling sleepy or weak
+ Shaking
+ Fast heartbeat
+ Confusion
+ Hunger
+ Sweating

If you experience any of these symptoms, call your doctor right away and follow their instructions for managing low blood sugar, which may include taking glucose tablets, liquid glucose, or some fruit juices.

Other Possible Side Effects

Like all medications, this drug can cause side effects, although many people may not experience any or may only have mild symptoms. If you notice any of the following side effects or any other unusual symptoms, contact your doctor or seek medical help:

Stomach pain
Diarrhea
* Gas

This is not an exhaustive list of possible side effects. If you have questions or concerns about side effects, consult your doctor. You can also report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-332-1088 or online at https://www.fda.gov/medwatch.

Before Taking This Medication: Important Information to Share with Your Doctor

It is essential to inform your doctor about the following:

Any allergies you have, including allergies to this medication, its components, or other substances, such as foods or drugs. Be sure to describe the symptoms you experienced.
Certain health conditions, including:
+ Bowel obstruction or being at risk for bowel obstruction
+ Bowel problems, such as inflammatory bowel disease
+ Diabetic acidosis
+ Malabsorption syndrome
+ Issues with food digestion
+ Ulcers in the colon
Kidney disease
If you are breastfeeding, as you should not breastfeed while taking this medication

This list is not exhaustive, and it is crucial to discuss all your medications (prescription, over-the-counter, natural products, and vitamins) and health problems with your doctor and pharmacist. They will help determine if it is safe to take this medication with your other medications and health conditions. Never start, stop, or change the dose of any medication without first consulting your doctor.

It is essential to inform all your healthcare providers, including doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and dentists, that you are taking this medication.

If you experience low blood sugar, do not operate a vehicle, as this increases your risk of being involved in an accident.

Monitor your blood sugar levels as directed by your doctor to ensure they remain within a healthy range. Additionally, have your blood work and other laboratory tests performed as scheduled by your doctor to closely monitor your condition.

Adhere to the personalized diet and exercise plan recommended by your doctor to effectively manage your blood sugar levels. Be aware that stress, such as fever, infection, injury, or surgery, can make it more challenging to control blood sugar. Similarly, changes in physical activity, exercise routines, or diet can also impact blood sugar levels.

If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, consult your doctor to discuss the potential benefits and risks associated with using this medication during pregnancy.

• Intestinal adsorbents (e.g., activated charcoal): May reduce the effect of miglitol.
• Digestive enzyme preparations (e.g., amylase, pancreatin): May reduce the effect of miglitol.
• Digoxin: Miglitol may decrease plasma concentrations of digoxin. Monitor digoxin levels.
• Sulfonylureas/Insulin: Increased risk of hypoglycemia when co-administered. If hypoglycemia occurs, treat with oral glucose (dextrose), not sucrose (table sugar).

• Symptoms of hypoglycemia (e.g., sweating, tremor, dizziness, confusion, hunger) especially if used with insulin or sulfonylureas.
• Gastrointestinal side effects (e.g., flatulence, diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloating), especially during dose titration.
• Symptoms of allergic reaction (e.g., rash, itching, swelling).

Miglitol is Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. It should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.

Miglitol is excreted into human breast milk. Due to the potential for adverse effects on the nursing infant, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.

Safety and effectiveness of miglitol in pediatric patients have not been established. Use is generally not recommended.

No specific dose adjustment is required based on age alone. However, elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, and miglitol is contraindicated in severe renal impairment. Renal function should be monitored.

• Miglitol is most effective at reducing postprandial glucose excursions, making it particularly useful for patients with prominent post-meal hyperglycemia.
• The most common side effects are gastrointestinal (flatulence, diarrhea, abdominal pain), which tend to be dose-related and often diminish over time with continued use. Start with a low dose and titrate slowly to minimize these effects.
• Instruct patients to take miglitol with the first bite of each main meal to maximize its effectiveness.
• If a patient experiences hypoglycemia while on miglitol (especially if also on insulin or sulfonylureas), they must treat it with pure glucose (dextrose) and not sucrose (table sugar), as miglitol inhibits the breakdown of sucrose.
• Miglitol is not absorbed systemically to a significant extent and is not metabolized, making it a good option for patients with hepatic impairment, but it is contraindicated in severe renal impairment.

• Other alpha-glucosidase inhibitors: Acarbose (Precose)
• Other oral antidiabetic agents: Metformin, Sulfonylureas (e.g., glipizide, glyburide), Thiazolidinediones (e.g., pioglitazone), DPP-4 inhibitors (e.g., sitagliptin), SGLT2 inhibitors (e.g., empagliflozin), GLP-1 receptor agonists (e.g., liraglutide), Insulin.

If your symptoms or health issues persist or worsen, it's essential to contact your doctor for further guidance. To ensure your safety, never share your medication with others or take someone else's medication. Some medications may come with an additional patient information leaflet, so be sure to check with your pharmacist for more information. If you have any questions or concerns about your medication, don't hesitate to reach out to your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other healthcare provider. In the event of a suspected overdose, immediately call your local poison control center or seek medical attention. When seeking help, be prepared to provide details about the medication taken, the amount, and the time it happened.