Glyset 100mg Tablets

Miglitol is an oral alpha-glucosidase inhibitor that acts in the small intestine to delay the digestion of carbohydrates. It reversibly inhibits membrane-bound intestinal alpha-glucosidase enzymes (e.g., sucrase, maltase, glucoamylase, isomaltase) that hydrolyze oligosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides into monosaccharides. This inhibition results in a delayed and reduced absorption of glucose, leading to a lower postprandial blood glucose rise.

Urgent Side Effects: Seek Medical Help Right Away

Although rare, some people may experience severe and potentially life-threatening side effects while taking this medication. If you notice any of the following symptoms, contact your doctor or seek immediate medical attention:

Signs of an allergic reaction, such as:
+ Rash
+ Hives
+ Itching
+ Red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever
+ Wheezing
+ Tightness in the chest or throat
+ Trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking
+ Unusual hoarseness
+ Swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat
Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), which can occur when this medication is used with other diabetes medications. Symptoms may include:
+ Dizziness
+ Headache
+ Feeling sleepy or weak
+ Shaking
+ Fast heartbeat
+ Confusion
+ Hunger
+ Sweating

If you experience any of these symptoms, call your doctor right away and follow their instructions for managing low blood sugar, which may include taking glucose tablets, liquid glucose, or some fruit juices.

Other Possible Side Effects

Like all medications, this drug can cause side effects. While many people may not experience any side effects or only minor ones, it's essential to discuss any concerns with your doctor. Contact your doctor or seek medical help if you experience any of the following side effects or if they bother you or do not go away:

Stomach pain
Diarrhea
* Gas

This is not an exhaustive list of possible side effects. If you have questions or concerns about side effects, consult your doctor. You can also report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-332-1088 or online at https://www.fda.gov/medwatch.

Before Taking This Medication: Important Information to Share with Your Doctor

It is essential to inform your doctor about the following:

Any allergies you have, including allergies to this medication, its components, or other substances, such as foods or drugs. Be sure to describe the allergic reaction you experienced, including any symptoms that occurred.
Certain health conditions, including:
+ Bowel obstruction or being at risk for bowel obstruction
+ Bowel problems, such as inflammatory bowel disease
+ Diabetic acidosis
+ Malabsorption syndrome
+ Difficulty breaking down food
+ Ulcers in the colon
Kidney disease
If you are breastfeeding, as you should not breastfeed while taking this medication

This list is not exhaustive, and it is crucial to discuss all your medications (prescription, over-the-counter, natural products, and vitamins) and health problems with your doctor and pharmacist. They will help determine if it is safe to take this medication with your other medications and health conditions. Never start, stop, or change the dose of any medication without first consulting your doctor.

It is essential to inform all your healthcare providers, including doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and dentists, that you are taking this medication.

If you experience low blood sugar, do not operate a vehicle, as this increases your risk of being involved in an accident.

Monitor your blood sugar levels as directed by your doctor. Additionally, have your blood work and other laboratory tests performed as scheduled by your doctor.

Adhere to the diet and exercise plan recommended by your doctor to maintain optimal blood sugar control. Be aware that stress, such as fever, infection, injury, or surgery, can make it more challenging to manage your blood sugar levels. Changes in physical activity, exercise routines, or diet can also impact your blood sugar control.

If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, notify your doctor. It is crucial to discuss the potential benefits and risks associated with using this medication during pregnancy to make an informed decision.

• Digoxin (decreased digoxin levels)
• Intestinal adsorbents (e.g., charcoal) and digestive enzyme preparations (e.g., amylase, pancreatin) (may reduce miglitol's effect)

• Other oral antidiabetic agents (increased risk of hypoglycemia)
• Thiazide diuretics, corticosteroids, phenothiazines, thyroid products, estrogens, oral contraceptives, phenytoin, nicotinic acid, sympathomimetics, calcium channel blocking drugs, isoniazid (may cause hyperglycemia, requiring dose adjustment of miglitol)

• Symptoms of hypoglycemia (if used with other antidiabetics): sweating, tremor, dizziness, confusion, hunger, irritability
• Gastrointestinal side effects: flatulence, diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloating
• Symptoms of allergic reaction: rash, itching, swelling

Miglitol is Pregnancy Category B. Studies in animals have not shown harm to the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed and the potential benefit outweighs the potential risk to the fetus.

Miglitol is excreted into human milk. Due to the potential for hypoglycemia in the nursing infant and the lack of long-term safety data, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother. Lactation risk is L3 (Moderately Safe).

Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients (under 18 years of age) have not been established. Use is generally not recommended.

No specific dose adjustment is required based on age alone. However, elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, which should be assessed before initiating miglitol and monitored periodically. Miglitol is contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment (CrCl < 25 mL/min).

• Miglitol must be taken with the first bite of each main meal to be effective in delaying carbohydrate absorption.
• The most common side effects are gastrointestinal (flatulence, diarrhea, abdominal pain), which tend to be dose-related and often improve with continued therapy or by starting with a low dose and titrating slowly.
• Unlike sulfonylureas or insulin, miglitol does not cause hypoglycemia when used as monotherapy. However, if used in combination with other agents that can cause hypoglycemia (e.g., insulin, sulfonylureas), hypoglycemia may occur. If hypoglycemia happens, it must be treated with glucose (dextrose) and NOT sucrose (table sugar) or complex carbohydrates, as miglitol will inhibit their breakdown and absorption.
• Miglitol is primarily renally excreted and is contraindicated in severe renal impairment (CrCl < 25 mL/min).

• Acarbose (another alpha-glucosidase inhibitor)
• Metformin (biguanide)
• Sulfonylureas (e.g., glipizide, glyburide, glimepiride)
• Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) (e.g., pioglitazone, rosiglitazone)
• DPP-4 inhibitors (e.g., sitagliptin, saxagliptin)
• SGLT2 inhibitors (e.g., empagliflozin, canagliflozin)
• GLP-1 receptor agonists (e.g., liraglutide, semaglutide)
• Insulin

If your symptoms or health issues persist or worsen, it is essential to contact your doctor for further guidance. To ensure your safety, never share your medication with others or take someone else's medication. Some medications may come with an additional patient information leaflet, so it's a good idea to check with your pharmacist. If you have any questions or concerns about this medication, don't hesitate to discuss them with your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other healthcare provider. In the event of a suspected overdose, immediately call your local poison control center or seek emergency medical attention. When seeking help, be prepared to provide information about the medication taken, the amount, and the time it happened.