Atropine Sul 0.1mg/ml Inj, 5ml

Atropine is a competitive antagonist of acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors. It blocks the effects of acetylcholine at postganglionic parasympathetic neuroeffector sites, including smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and exocrine glands. This blockade leads to increased heart rate, decreased glandular secretions (salivary, bronchial, sweat), relaxation of smooth muscles (bronchial, gastrointestinal, urinary tract), and mydriasis and cycloplegia.

Serious Side Effects: Seek Medical Help Right Away

While rare, some people may experience severe and potentially life-threatening side effects when taking this medication. If you notice any of the following symptoms, contact your doctor or seek immediate medical attention:

Signs of an allergic reaction, such as:
+ Rash
+ Hives
+ Itching
+ Red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever
+ Wheezing
+ Tightness in the chest or throat
+ Trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking
+ Unusual hoarseness
+ Swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat
Urination problems
Chest pain or pressure, rapid heartbeat, or irregular heartbeat
Severe dizziness or fainting
Breathing difficulties, slow breathing, or shallow breathing
Confusion
Balance problems
Hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that are not there)
Extreme fatigue or weakness
Restlessness
Shakiness
Abdominal swelling
Severe constipation or stomach pain, which may indicate a serious bowel problem
Erectile dysfunction or decreased libido
Depression
Changes in vision, eye pain, or severe eye irritation
Inability to sweat during physical activity or in warm temperatures

Other Possible Side Effects

As with any medication, you may experience side effects. While many people do not have any side effects or only minor ones, it is essential to discuss any concerns with your doctor. If you experience any of the following side effects or any other symptoms that bother you or do not go away, contact your doctor:

Blurred vision
Sensitivity to bright lights
Constipation
Stomach pain
Nausea or vomiting
Decreased sweating
Dizziness or headache
Dry mouth
Dry eyes
Dry nose
Dilated pupils
Flushing
Pain at the injection site

This is not an exhaustive list of possible side effects. If you have questions or concerns, consult your doctor. You can also report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-332-1088 or online at https://www.fda.gov/medwatch.

Before Taking This Medication: Important Information to Share with Your Doctor

It is essential to inform your doctor about the following:

Any allergies you have, including allergies to this medication, its components, or other substances, such as foods or drugs. Be sure to describe the symptoms you experienced as a result of the allergy.
All medications you are currently taking, including prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) drugs, natural products, and vitamins. This information will help your doctor and pharmacist assess potential interactions between this medication and other substances you are taking.
* Any existing health problems, as this medication may interact with certain conditions.

To ensure your safety, it is crucial to verify that this medication can be taken safely with all your other medications and health conditions. Never start, stop, or adjust the dose of any medication without first consulting your doctor.

Important Warnings and Precautions

It is essential to inform all your healthcare providers, including doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and dentists, that you are taking this medication.

To minimize the risk of dehydration, be cautious in hot weather or during physical activity, and drink plenty of fluids to prevent fluid loss.

Accidental Ingestion Warning
If this medication is swallowed, it can cause harm. In the event of accidental ingestion, immediately contact a doctor or a poison control center.

Special Considerations

If you are 65 years or older, use this medication with caution, as you may be more susceptible to side effects.
When administering this medication to children, use caution, as the risk of certain side effects may be higher in this population.
* If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, consult your doctor to discuss the potential benefits and risks to you and your baby.

Multi-Dose Container Warning
Some products contain benzyl alcohol. To minimize the risk of serious side effects in newborns and infants, it is recommended to avoid products containing benzyl alcohol whenever possible. Benzyl alcohol can cause severe adverse effects in these children, particularly when combined with other medications containing benzyl alcohol. Consult your doctor to determine if this product contains benzyl alcohol and to discuss alternative options.

• Other anticholinergic agents (e.g., tricyclic antidepressants, phenothiazines, antihistamines, quinidine, disopyramide): May lead to additive anticholinergic effects (e.g., severe constipation, urinary retention, blurred vision, CNS effects).
• Cholinesterase inhibitors (e.g., donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine, neostigmine, pyridostigmine): Atropine antagonizes their effects, reducing efficacy.

• Potassium chloride (oral forms): Anticholinergic effects can decrease GI motility, increasing risk of GI lesions with oral potassium chloride.
• Metoclopramide: Atropine antagonizes the prokinetic effects of metoclopramide.
• Opioid analgesics: May increase risk of severe constipation and paralytic ileus due to additive GI motility reduction.

• Dry mouth
• Blurred vision
• Urinary retention
• Constipation
• Flushing
• Fever
• CNS effects (agitation, delirium, hallucinations, confusion, somnolence)
• Nausea/vomiting

Atropine is Pregnancy Category C. Animal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant use of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks. Use only if clearly needed.

Atropine is excreted into breast milk. It can decrease milk production and may cause anticholinergic effects in the infant (e.g., tachycardia, constipation, urinary retention). Use with caution; monitor infant for adverse effects. Lactation Risk L3 (Moderate Risk).

Children, especially infants and young children, are more susceptible to the toxic effects of atropine, particularly CNS effects and hyperthermia. Dosing must be precise (0.02 mg/kg). Close monitoring for adverse effects is crucial. Not recommended for routine use in neonates.

Elderly patients are more susceptible to the anticholinergic effects of atropine, including CNS effects (confusion, delirium), urinary retention, and constipation. Use with caution and consider lower initial doses. Monitor closely for adverse effects.

• Atropine is the first-line agent for symptomatic bradycardia (e.g., hypotension, altered mental status, signs of shock) in the absence of a reversible cause.
• In organophosphate poisoning, atropine is given until 'atropinization' occurs (e.g., dry mouth, clear lungs, tachycardia, mydriasis). Large doses may be required.
• Atropine is ineffective for bradycardia due to heart transplant (denervated heart) or hypothermia.
• Always have physostigmine available when using atropine for diagnostic purposes (e.g., for cycloplegia) or in cases of suspected overdose, as it is an antidote for severe anticholinergic toxicity.
• Be aware of the 'red as a beet, dry as a bone, blind as a bat, mad as a hatter, hot as a hare' mnemonic for anticholinergic toxicity.

• For symptomatic bradycardia: Epinephrine, Dopamine, Transcutaneous Pacing (TCP).
• For organophosphate poisoning: Pralidoxime (2-PAM) is used in conjunction with atropine to reactivate acetylcholinesterase.
• For pre-anesthetic use (to reduce secretions): Glycopyrrolate (less CNS penetration).

If your symptoms or health problems do not improve or worsen over time, it is essential to contact your doctor for further evaluation and guidance. To ensure your safety and the safety of others, never share your prescription medications with anyone, and do not take medications that have been prescribed to someone else.

All medications should be stored in a secure location, out of the reach of children and pets, to prevent accidental ingestion. When disposing of unused or expired medications, do not flush them down the toilet or pour them down the drain unless specifically instructed to do so by a healthcare professional or pharmacist. Instead, consult with your pharmacist to determine the best method for disposal, as some communities may have designated drug take-back programs.

Additionally, some medications may have a separate patient information leaflet; your pharmacist can provide this information if available. If you have any questions or concerns about your medication, it is crucial to discuss them with your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other healthcare provider.

In the event of a suspected overdose, immediately contact your local poison control center or seek emergency medical attention. Be prepared to provide detailed information about the medication, including the amount taken and the time it was ingested, to ensure prompt and effective treatment.