Onyda XR 0.1mg/ml Oral Susp 30ml

Clonidine is an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist. It stimulates presynaptic alpha-2 adrenergic receptors in the brain, particularly in the locus coeruleus, which results in reduced sympathetic outflow from the central nervous system. This leads to decreased peripheral vascular resistance, heart rate, and blood pressure. In ADHD, its mechanism is thought to involve modulation of noradrenergic activity in the prefrontal cortex, improving attention and reducing impulsivity/hyperactivity.

Urgent Side Effects: Seek Medical Help Right Away

It's essential to be aware of potential severe side effects that can occur, although rarely, when taking this medication. If your child experiences any of the following symptoms, contact their doctor or seek medical attention immediately:

Signs of an allergic reaction, such as:
+ Rash
+ Hives
+ Itching
+ Red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever
+ Wheezing
+ Tightness in the chest or throat
+ Trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking
+ Unusual hoarseness
+ Swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat
Severe dizziness or fainting
Abnormal heartbeat, including fast, slow, or irregular rhythms

Other Possible Side Effects

Like all medications, this drug can cause side effects, although not everyone will experience them. If your child has any of the following side effects, or if they bother your child or do not go away, contact their doctor or seek medical help:

Constipation
Dry mouth
Dizziness, sleepiness, tiredness, or weakness
Headache
Upset stomach
Trouble sleeping
Bad dreams
Decreased appetite
Stomach pain
* Irritability

This list is not exhaustive, and your child may experience other side effects. If you have questions or concerns about side effects, consult your child's doctor for medical advice.

Before Your Child Takes This Medication: Inform Your Doctor If:
- Your child has an allergy to this medication, any of its components, or any other medications, foods, or substances. Be sure to describe the allergic reaction and its symptoms.
- Your child is currently taking another medication that contains the same active ingredient as this drug.
- Your child is taking any of the following medications: digoxin, diltiazem, verapamil, or beta blockers such as metoprolol or propranolol.
Please note that this list does not include all possible medications or health issues that may interact with this drug.

It is crucial to inform the doctor and pharmacist about all of your child's medications, including prescription and over-the-counter drugs, natural products, and vitamins, as well as any health problems. This will help ensure it is safe to administer this medication alongside your child's other medications and health conditions. Never start, stop, or adjust the dosage of any medication your child is taking without first consulting with the doctor.

It is essential to inform all of your child's healthcare providers, including doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and dentists, that your child is taking this medication.

Until you understand how this medication affects your child, it is crucial to have them avoid activities that require alertness, such as riding a bike, playing sports, or using potentially hazardous items like scissors, lawnmowers, electric scooters, toy cars, or motorized vehicles.

Regularly check your child's blood pressure and heart rate as directed by their doctor. To minimize the risk of dizziness or fainting, instruct your child to stand up slowly after sitting or lying down and to exercise caution when navigating stairs.

Alcohol consumption may interact with this medication, so ensure your child does not drink alcohol. If your child has high blood pressure and is taking this medication, consult with their doctor before giving them any over-the-counter (OTC) products that may increase blood pressure, such as cough or cold medications, diet pills, stimulants, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen or naproxen, and certain natural products or aids.

In hot weather or during physical activity, encourage your child to drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration. Be aware that this medication may cause dry eyes. If your child wears contact lenses and experiences dry eyes or a change in how their lenses feel, consult with their doctor.

Avoid giving your child marijuana or other forms of cannabis, as well as prescription or OTC medications that may slow their reactions. If your child vomits after taking a dose of this medication, consult with their doctor to determine the best course of action.

If your child has previously used a patch form of this medication and experienced skin irritation, inform their doctor, as they may be more likely to develop a rash on other parts of their body when using any form of this medication.

If your child is pregnant, becomes pregnant, or is breastfeeding, it is essential to discuss the benefits and risks of this medication with their doctor to ensure the best possible outcome for both your child and the baby.

• CNS depressants (e.g., alcohol, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, opioids, sedating antihistamines): Increased sedation and CNS depression.
• Beta-blockers: Risk of bradycardia, AV block, and rebound hypertension upon clonidine withdrawal (especially if beta-blocker is not tapered first).

• Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs): May antagonize the hypotensive effect of clonidine.
• Other antihypertensives: Additive hypotensive effects.
• Digoxin: May increase risk of bradycardia.
• Calcium channel blockers: May increase risk of bradycardia or AV block.

• Diuretics: May enhance hypotensive effect.

• Dizziness
• Lightheadedness
• Fainting (syncope)
• Excessive sedation or drowsiness
• Dry mouth
• Constipation
• Nausea
• Headache
• Irritability (especially during withdrawal)
• Rebound hypertension (if abruptly discontinued)

Clonidine is classified as Pregnancy Category C. Animal studies have shown adverse effects on the fetus, but there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

Clonidine is excreted into human breast milk. The American Academy of Pediatrics considers clonidine to be a drug for which the effect on the nursing infant is unknown but may be of concern. Monitor infants for sedation, bradycardia, and hypotension. A decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.

Onyda XR is specifically approved for the treatment of ADHD in pediatric patients aged 6-17 years. Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients younger than 6 years have not been established. Careful titration and monitoring of vital signs are crucial.

Clonidine is generally not indicated for ADHD in geriatric patients. For other indications, geriatric patients may be more sensitive to the hypotensive and sedative effects of clonidine. Lower initial doses and slower titration are recommended. Monitor closely for adverse effects, particularly orthostatic hypotension and bradycardia.

• Onyda XR is an extended-release formulation designed for once-daily dosing, typically at bedtime, to minimize daytime sedation and provide sustained ADHD symptom control.
• Abrupt discontinuation of clonidine can lead to rebound hypertension, especially with higher doses or prolonged use. Taper the dose gradually over 2-4 days to avoid this effect.
• Patients should be advised to avoid activities requiring mental alertness (e.g., driving, operating machinery) until they know how the medication affects them, due to potential for sedation.
• Monitor blood pressure and heart rate at baseline and periodically during treatment, especially during dose titration.
• This formulation is an oral suspension and should be measured with an accurate dosing device, not a household spoon. Do not mix with other liquids or foods.
• Consider potential for additive CNS depression when co-prescribing with other sedating medications or alcohol.

• Other alpha-2 adrenergic agonists (e.g., Guanfacine extended-release - Intuniv)
• Stimulants (e.g., methylphenidate, amphetamines)
• Non-stimulants (e.g., atomoxetine, viloxazine)
• Behavioral therapy for ADHD

If your child's symptoms or health issues persist or worsen, it is essential to contact their doctor promptly. To ensure safe and effective treatment, never share your child's medication with others, and do not administer someone else's medication to your child. Some medications may include an additional patient information leaflet; if you have questions or concerns about this medication, consult with your child's doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other healthcare provider. In the event of a suspected overdose, immediately contact your local poison control center or seek urgent medical attention. When reporting the incident, be prepared to provide detailed information, including the substance taken, the quantity, and the time it occurred.