Minolira 135mg Tablets

Minocycline is a tetracycline antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by reversibly binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit, thereby preventing the binding of aminoacyl tRNA to the mRNA-ribosome complex. This leads to bacteriostatic effects. In the context of acne, minocycline also exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting neutrophil chemotaxis and lipase activity of Propionibacterium acnes.

Urgent Side Effects: Seek Medical Attention Immediately

Although rare, some people may experience severe and potentially life-threatening side effects while taking this medication. If you notice any of the following symptoms, contact your doctor or seek medical help right away:

Signs of an allergic reaction, such as:
+ Rash
+ Hives
+ Itching
+ Red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever
+ Wheezing
+ Tightness in the chest or throat
+ Trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking
+ Unusual hoarseness
+ Swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat
Signs of pancreatitis (pancreas problem), such as:
+ Severe stomach pain
+ Severe back pain
+ Severe upset stomach or vomiting
Signs of kidney problems, such as:
+ Inability to pass urine
+ Changes in urine output
+ Blood in the urine
+ Sudden weight gain
Signs of lupus, such as:
+ Rash on the cheeks or other body parts
+ Easy sunburn
+ Muscle or joint pain
+ Chest pain or shortness of breath
+ Swelling in the arms or legs
Fever, chills, or sore throat
Unexplained bruising or bleeding
Feeling extremely tired or weak
Changes in hearing
Joint pain or swelling
Muscle pain or weakness
Ringing in the ears
Seizures
Shortness of breath
Chest pain
Abnormal heartbeat
Swelling
Changes in nail, skin, eye, scar, tooth, or gum color to a darker shade
Mouth irritation or mouth sores
Burning, numbness, or tingling sensations
Redness or white patches in the mouth or throat
Rectal irritation
Genital irritation
Vaginal itching or discharge

Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea

Diarrhea is a common side effect of antibiotics. In rare cases, a severe form called C. diff-associated diarrhea (CDAD) may occur, which can lead to a life-threatening bowel problem. If you experience stomach pain, cramps, or loose, watery, or bloody stools, contact your doctor immediately. Do not treat diarrhea without consulting your doctor.

Liver Problems

Liver problems, including fatal cases, have been reported with this medication. If you notice any signs of liver problems, such as dark urine, tiredness, decreased appetite, upset stomach or stomach pain, light-colored stools, vomiting, or yellow skin or eyes, contact your doctor right away.

Raised Brain Pressure

Raised pressure in the brain has been reported with this medication, which may lead to loss of eyesight. If you experience a headache or eyesight problems, such as blurred vision, double vision, or loss of eyesight, contact your doctor immediately.

Thyroid Cancer

Cases of thyroid cancer have been reported with long-term use of this medication. If you notice lasting hoarseness, a neck mass, or trouble breathing or swallowing, contact your doctor right away.

Severe Skin Reactions

Severe skin reactions, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), and other serious reactions, may occur with this medication. These reactions can be life-threatening and may affect other body organs. If you experience any signs, such as red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin; red or irritated eyes; sores in the mouth, throat, nose, eyes, genitals, or skin; fever; chills; body aches; shortness of breath; or swollen glands, seek medical help immediately.

Other Side Effects

Most people do not experience severe side effects, but some may occur. If you notice any of the following side effects, contact your doctor or seek medical help if they bother you or do not go away:

Diarrhea
Upset stomach or vomiting
Decreased appetite
* Dizziness, drowsiness, tiredness, or weakness

Reporting Side Effects

If you have questions about side effects or want to report any side effects, contact your doctor or the FDA at 1-800-332-1088 or https://www.fda.gov/medwatch.

Before Taking This Medication: Important Information to Share with Your Doctor

It is essential to inform your doctor about the following:

Any allergies you have, including allergies to this medication, its components, or other substances. Be sure to describe the allergic reaction you experienced, including any symptoms.
If you are currently taking any of the following medications: Acitretin, isotretinoin, or a penicillin.
If you are pregnant or think you may be pregnant. Note that this medication is not recommended during pregnancy.
If you are planning to become pregnant or father a child.
* If you are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. You may need to avoid breastfeeding while taking this medication.

This list is not exhaustive, and it is crucial to discuss all your medications (prescription, over-the-counter, natural products, and vitamins) and health conditions with your doctor and pharmacist. They will help determine if it is safe to take this medication with your other medications and health conditions. Do not start, stop, or change the dose of any medication without first consulting your doctor.

It is essential to inform all your healthcare providers, including doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and dentists, that you are taking this medication. Before engaging in activities that require alertness, such as driving, wait until you understand how this drug affects you.

Regular blood tests will be necessary, as directed by your doctor. Be sure to discuss any concerns or questions with your doctor. Additionally, this medication may interfere with certain laboratory tests, so it is crucial to notify all healthcare providers and laboratory personnel that you are taking this drug.

Do not exceed the prescribed duration of treatment, as this may increase the risk of a secondary infection. When taking this medication, be cautious when exposed to sunlight, as it may cause increased sensitivity to sunburn. If you experience unusual sunburn, inform your doctor.

In children under 8 years old, this medication may cause permanent tooth discoloration, resulting in a yellow-gray-brown color. If this occurs, the discoloration will not fade. Discuss this risk with your doctor. This medication is not approved for use in children under 12 years old, so consult with your doctor to determine the best course of treatment.

Children under 8 years old should not be given this medication. Although rare, tooth discoloration has also been reported in adults, which typically reverses after stopping the medication and undergoing dental cleaning. Consult your doctor if you have concerns.

When taking this medication, birth control pills and other hormone-based contraceptives may be less effective. To prevent pregnancy, use an additional form of birth control, such as a condom. If you are pregnant or become pregnant while taking this medication, contact your doctor immediately, as it may harm the unborn baby.

• Isotretinoin (increased risk of pseudotumor cerebri)

• Oral Retinoids (e.g., acitretin, tretinoin, adapalene, tazarotene) - increased risk of pseudotumor cerebri.
• Antacids containing aluminum, calcium, or magnesium (decreased minocycline absorption)
• Iron preparations (decreased minocycline absorption)
• Bismuth subsalicylate (decreased minocycline absorption)
• Penicillins (tetracyclines may interfere with the bactericidal action of penicillin)
• Warfarin (potentiates anticoagulant effect)

• Oral Contraceptives (may decrease efficacy of oral contraceptives, leading to breakthrough bleeding or pregnancy)
• Ergot alkaloids (theoretical increased risk of ergotism)
• Methoxyflurane (may result in fatal renal toxicity)

• Dairy products (decreased minocycline absorption, though less significant for minocycline than other tetracyclines)

• Severe headache
• Blurred vision or vision changes (suggestive of pseudotumor cerebri)
• Dizziness or vertigo
• Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
• Skin rash or discoloration (blue-gray pigmentation)
• Photosensitivity (severe sunburn)
• Joint pain, muscle aches, fatigue (suggestive of drug-induced lupus)
• Sore throat, fever, unusual bleeding/bruising (suggestive of hematologic abnormalities)
• Yellowing of skin or eyes, dark urine, abdominal pain (suggestive of hepatotoxicity)

Minocycline is classified as Pregnancy Category D. It should not be used during pregnancy unless the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Tetracyclines can cause permanent discoloration of teeth (yellow-gray-brown) and inhibition of bone growth in the fetus if administered during the second and third trimesters.

Minocycline is excreted into breast milk. The American Academy of Pediatrics considers tetracyclines to be compatible with breastfeeding, but caution is advised due to theoretical concerns of tooth discoloration and inhibition of bone growth in the nursing infant. The amount transferred is generally low, but long-term use or use in premature infants should be avoided. Monitor infant for diarrhea, candidiasis, and tooth discoloration.

Contraindicated in children under 8 years of age due to the risk of permanent tooth discoloration (yellow-gray-brown) and inhibition of bone growth. Use in adolescents (12 years and older) for acne is generally considered safe at appropriate doses.

No specific dose adjustment is generally required based on age alone. However, elderly patients may have age-related decreases in renal or hepatic function, which may necessitate dose adjustment or closer monitoring. Increased susceptibility to adverse effects like dizziness/vertigo may occur.

• Minocycline extended-release is often preferred over immediate-release formulations for acne due to its once-daily dosing and potentially lower incidence of vestibular side effects (dizziness, vertigo).
• Counsel patients extensively on photosensitivity and the importance of sun protection.
• Warn patients about potential for permanent skin/nail/gum discoloration, especially with long-term use. This is more common with minocycline than other tetracyclines.
• Educate patients on the symptoms of pseudotumor cerebri (severe headache, vision changes) and the need for immediate medical attention.
• Minocycline can cause drug-induced lupus erythematosus; monitor for symptoms like arthralgia, myalgia, rash, and fatigue.
• Ensure patients understand the interaction with antacids, iron, and dairy products to maximize absorption.
• Emphasize taking the tablet with a full glass of water and remaining upright for at least 30 minutes to prevent esophageal irritation/ulceration.

• Doxycycline (oral, extended-release or delayed-release for acne)
• Sarecycline (oral, for acne)
• Oral isotretinoin (for severe nodular acne)
• Topical retinoids (e.g., tretinoin, adapalene, tazarotene)
• Topical antibiotics (e.g., clindamycin, erythromycin)
• Benzoyl peroxide (topical)
• Azelaic acid (topical)
• Oral contraceptives (for hormonal acne in females)

If your symptoms or health issues persist or worsen, it is essential to contact your doctor promptly. To ensure safe and effective treatment, never share your medication with others or take someone else's medication. Some medications may come with an additional patient information leaflet, so it's a good idea to check with your pharmacist for more information. If you have any questions or concerns about this medication, don't hesitate to discuss them with your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other healthcare provider. In the event of a suspected overdose, immediately call your local poison control center or seek emergency medical attention. When reporting the incident, be prepared to provide details about the medication taken, the amount, and the time it occurred.