Calcium Oyster Shell 500mg Tablets
Overview
What is this medicine?
How to Use This Medicine
To use this medication correctly, follow your doctor's instructions and read all the information provided. Take your medication with meals as directed.
Storing and Disposing of Your Medication
Keep your medication at room temperature in a dry place, avoiding storage in bathrooms. Ensure all medications are stored safely and out of reach of children and pets. When disposing of unused or expired medication, do not flush it down the toilet or pour it down the drain unless instructed to do so. Instead, consult your pharmacist for guidance on proper disposal. Many areas offer drug take-back programs, which your pharmacist can help you find.
Missing a Dose
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it's close to the time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take two doses at the same time or take extra doses to make up for a missed one.
Lifestyle & Tips
- Take calcium carbonate with food to improve absorption, especially for supplementation.
- If using as an antacid, chew tablets thoroughly before swallowing.
- Do not take calcium carbonate at the same time as other medications (especially antibiotics, thyroid hormones, iron) due to potential interactions. Separate by at least 2-4 hours.
- Ensure adequate Vitamin D intake, as it is essential for calcium absorption.
- Maintain a balanced diet and engage in weight-bearing exercise for bone health.
- Drink plenty of water to help prevent constipation, a common side effect.
Available Forms & Alternatives
Available Strengths:
- Calcium Carb 1250mg/5ml Susp
- Calcium Chloride 10% Inj, 10ml
- Calcium Oyster Shell 500mg Tablets
- Calcium 500mg Tablets
- Calcium Acetate 667mg Capsules
- Calcium 600+d (400u) Tablets
- Calcium 600mg Tablets
- Calcium 600mg + D Tablets
- Calcium 500 W/vit D3 Tablets
- Calcium Citrate 250mg Tablets
- Calcium Antacid 500mg Chw Tablets
- Calcium Carb 500mg Chewtablets
- Calcium Acetate 667mg Tablets
- Calcium Carb 648mg Tablets
- Calcium 500mg W/ Vit D Chw Tablets
- Calcium Citrate W/ Vit D Tablets
- Calcium/d3 600mg-200iu Tablets
- Calcium 500mg Chewable Tablets
- Calcium Gluconate 10% Inj, 50ml
- Calcium Antacid 750mg Chw Tablets
- Calcium Citrate 200mg Tablets
- Calcium Citrate+d3 Tablets
- Calcium Gluconate 10% Inj, 10ml
- Calcium Glu/nacl 1gm/100ml Soln
- Cal Glu/nacl 2000mg/100ml Inj 100ml
- Cal Glu/nacl 1gm/50ml Inj, 50ml
- Calcium Gluc 100mg/ml Inj, 50ml
- Calcium Gluconate 10% Inj, 100ml
- Calcium Gluc 100mg/ml Inj, 100ml
- Calcium Gluc 100mg/ml Inj, 10ml
Dosing & Administration
Adult Dosing
Condition-Specific Dosing:
Pediatric Dosing
Dose Adjustments
Renal Impairment:
Hepatic Impairment:
Pharmacology
Mechanism of Action
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption:
Distribution:
Elimination:
Pharmacodynamics
Safety & Warnings
Side Effects
If you experience any of the following symptoms, call your doctor immediately or seek emergency medical attention, as they may be signs of a severe and potentially life-threatening reaction:
- Signs of an allergic reaction, such as:
- Rash
- Hives
- Itching
- Red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin (with or without fever)
- Wheezing
- Tightness in the chest or throat
- Trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking
- Unusual hoarseness
- Swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat
Other Possible Side Effects
Like all medications, this drug can cause side effects. While many people may not experience any side effects or only minor ones, it's essential to discuss any concerns with your doctor. Contact your doctor if you experience:
- Constipation
- Any other side effects that bother you or do not go away
Reporting Side Effects
This list does not include all possible side effects. If you have questions or concerns about side effects, consult your doctor for medical advice. You can also report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-332-1088 or online at https://www.fda.gov/medwatch.
Seek Immediate Medical Attention If You Experience:
- Severe constipation
- Nausea or vomiting that doesn't go away
- Unusual tiredness or weakness
- Frequent urination or increased thirst
- Muscle pain or weakness
- Confusion or irritability
Before Using This Medicine
It is essential to inform your doctor about the following:
Any allergies you have, including allergies to this medication, its components, or other substances, such as foods or drugs. Be sure to describe the symptoms you experienced.
If you have elevated calcium levels in your blood.
This medication may interact with other health conditions or medications. To ensure your safety, it is crucial to provide your doctor and pharmacist with a comprehensive list of:
All prescription and over-the-counter medications you are taking
Any natural products or vitamins you are using
* Your overall health problems
Before starting, stopping, or changing the dose of any medication, including this one, consult with your doctor to confirm it is safe for you to do so.
Precautions & Cautions
When taking this medication, be aware that it may interfere with the absorption of other oral medications. To minimize potential interactions, your doctor may recommend taking other oral drugs at a different time than this medication. Discuss your medication schedule with your doctor to ensure safe and effective treatment.
If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding, notify your doctor. You and your doctor will need to discuss the potential benefits and risks of this medication to both you and your baby to make an informed decision about treatment.
Overdose Information
Overdose Symptoms:
- Severe constipation
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Loss of appetite
- Increased thirst
- Increased urination
- Muscle weakness
- Fatigue
- Confusion
- Kidney stones (with chronic overdose)
- Milk-alkali syndrome (with excessive intake of calcium and absorbable alkali)
What to Do:
Discontinue calcium carbonate. Seek immediate medical attention. Hydration with intravenous fluids may be necessary to promote calcium excretion. In severe cases, loop diuretics or calcitonin may be used. Call 1-800-222-1222 (Poison Control).
Drug Interactions
Contraindicated Interactions
- Thiazide diuretics (concurrent use may lead to hypercalcemia)
- Digoxin (in patients with hypercalcemia, increased risk of arrhythmias)
Major Interactions
- Tetracycline antibiotics (e.g., doxycycline, minocycline): Calcium can chelate these antibiotics, significantly reducing their absorption. Separate administration by at least 2-4 hours.
- Fluoroquinolone antibiotics (e.g., ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin): Similar to tetracyclines, calcium can chelate these, reducing absorption. Separate administration by at least 2-6 hours.
- Levothyroxine: Calcium can impair levothyroxine absorption. Separate administration by at least 4 hours.
- Bisphosphonates (e.g., alendronate, risedronate): Calcium can interfere with absorption. Separate administration by at least 30 minutes to 2 hours.
- Iron supplements: Calcium can reduce iron absorption. Separate administration by at least 2 hours.
Moderate Interactions
- Phenytoin: Calcium may reduce phenytoin absorption.
- Calcium channel blockers (e.g., verapamil, diltiazem): High doses of calcium may theoretically reduce the effectiveness of these drugs.
- Corticosteroids: May decrease calcium absorption and increase calcium excretion, potentially increasing calcium requirements.
- Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) and H2-receptor antagonists: May reduce gastric acid, which is necessary for calcium carbonate dissolution and absorption, especially in older adults or those with achlorhydria.
Minor Interactions
- Foods high in oxalic acid (spinach, rhubarb) or phytic acid (whole grains, beans): Can reduce calcium absorption.
- Alcohol and caffeine: May increase calcium excretion.
Monitoring
Baseline Monitoring
Rationale: To establish baseline levels and identify pre-existing hypercalcemia.
Timing: Before initiating high-dose or long-term supplementation, especially in patients with renal impairment or conditions predisposing to hypercalcemia.
Rationale: To assess kidney's ability to excrete calcium and prevent accumulation.
Timing: Before initiating high-dose or long-term supplementation, particularly in elderly or those with suspected renal impairment.
Routine Monitoring
Frequency: Periodically (e.g., every 6-12 months) for patients on high-dose or long-term supplementation; more frequently if renal impairment or symptoms of hypercalcemia.
Target: 8.5-10.2 mg/dL (2.1-2.55 mmol/L)
Action Threshold: If consistently above upper limit of normal, consider dose reduction or discontinuation; investigate cause of hypercalcemia.
Frequency: Periodically for patients with renal impairment or those using calcium carbonate as a phosphate binder.
Target: 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
Action Threshold: Monitor for hyperphosphatemia or hypophosphatemia.
Frequency: Ongoing patient education and self-monitoring.
Target: Absence of symptoms
Action Threshold: If symptoms (nausea, vomiting, constipation, polyuria, polydipsia, muscle weakness) occur, check serum calcium immediately.
Symptom Monitoring
- Constipation
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Loss of appetite
- Increased thirst (polydipsia)
- Increased urination (polyuria)
- Muscle weakness
- Fatigue
- Confusion
- Headache
Special Patient Groups
Pregnancy
Calcium carbonate is generally considered safe and often recommended during pregnancy to meet increased calcium requirements, especially for bone development of the fetus and maternal bone health. It is also commonly used as an antacid for pregnancy-related heartburn. Adhere to recommended daily allowances.
Trimester-Specific Risks:
Lactation
Calcium is a normal component of breast milk. Calcium carbonate is considered safe for use during lactation at recommended doses, as it helps meet the mother's calcium needs without posing significant risk to the infant.
Pediatric Use
Dosing varies significantly by age and indication (supplementation vs. antacid). Antacid use generally not recommended for children under 6 without medical advice. Careful monitoring is required to avoid hypercalcemia, especially in infants and young children.
Geriatric Use
Elderly patients may have reduced gastric acid secretion, which can impair calcium carbonate absorption; citrate forms may be better absorbed. Increased risk of constipation. Renal function often declines with age, increasing the risk of hypercalcemia. Monitor serum calcium and renal function closely.
Clinical Information
Clinical Pearls
- Calcium carbonate contains approximately 40% elemental calcium. A 500mg calcium carbonate tablet provides 200mg elemental calcium.
- For optimal absorption, calcium carbonate should be taken with food, as gastric acid is required for its dissolution.
- Separate calcium carbonate administration from other medications (especially iron, thyroid hormones, and certain antibiotics) by at least 2-4 hours to prevent absorption interference.
- High doses or long-term use, especially in patients with renal impairment, can lead to hypercalcemia. Monitor serum calcium levels.
- Calcium carbonate is also an effective antacid, but its use for this purpose should be limited to avoid excessive calcium intake and potential side effects like constipation or milk-alkali syndrome.
Alternative Therapies
- Other calcium salts (e.g., Calcium Citrate, Calcium Gluconate, Calcium Lactate - Calcium citrate is better absorbed in individuals with low stomach acid or those taking PPIs/H2-blockers).
- Other antacids (e.g., Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide, Sodium Bicarbonate).
- H2-receptor antagonists (e.g., famotidine, ranitidine) for heartburn.
- Proton Pump Inhibitors (e.g., omeprazole, pantoprazole) for more severe acid reflux.