Calcium Carb 500mg Chewtablets

Manufacturer RELIABLE 1 Active Ingredient Calcium Carbonate Chewable Tablets (Antacid)(KAL see um KAR bun ate) Pronunciation KAL-see-um KAR-bun-ate
It is used to treat heartburn and upset stomach.It may be given to you for other reasons. Talk with the doctor.
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Drug Class
Antacid, Mineral Supplement
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Pharmacologic Class
Calcium Salt
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Pregnancy Category
Category B
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FDA Approved
Jan 1970
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DEA Schedule
Not Controlled

Overview

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What is this medicine?

Calcium carbonate is an antacid that works by neutralizing stomach acid to relieve heartburn, sour stomach, and indigestion. It can also be used as a calcium supplement to help maintain strong bones.
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How to Use This Medicine

Taking Your Medication Correctly
To get the most benefit from your medication, take it exactly as directed by your doctor. Carefully read all the information provided with your prescription and follow the instructions closely. When taking your medication, be sure to chew it thoroughly before swallowing.

Storing and Disposing of Your Medication
Keep your medication at room temperature in a dry location. Avoid storing it in the bathroom. This will help maintain its effectiveness and prevent degradation.

What to Do If You Miss a Dose
Since this medication is taken as needed, do not take it more frequently than prescribed by your doctor. If you have any questions or concerns about your dosage, consult with your doctor for guidance.
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Lifestyle & Tips

  • Chew tablets thoroughly before swallowing for best results.
  • Follow dosing instructions carefully; do not exceed the recommended daily dose.
  • If using as an antacid, take as symptoms occur. If using as a calcium supplement, take with food to enhance absorption.
  • Drink a full glass of water after taking the tablets, especially if using for calcium supplementation.
  • Avoid taking calcium carbonate at the same time as other medications, especially antibiotics (like tetracyclines or fluoroquinolones), iron supplements, or thyroid hormones. Separate doses by at least 2-4 hours.
  • Maintain adequate fluid intake to help prevent constipation, a common side effect.
  • Limit foods and drinks that trigger heartburn, such as spicy foods, fatty foods, caffeine, and alcohol.
  • Elevate the head of your bed if heartburn is worse at night.

Dosing & Administration

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Adult Dosing

Standard Dose: 500-1000 mg (1-2 tablets) as needed, not to exceed 7500 mg (15 tablets) in 24 hours.
Dose Range: 500 - 7500 mg

Condition-Specific Dosing:

Antacid: Chew 1-2 tablets as symptoms occur, or as directed by a doctor. Take with water if desired.
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Pediatric Dosing

Neonatal: Not established
Infant: Not established
Child: For children 2-11 years: 400 mg (0.8 tablet) as needed, not to exceed 2500 mg (5 tablets) in 24 hours. Consult a doctor for children under 2 years.
Adolescent: For adolescents 12 years and older: 500-1000 mg (1-2 tablets) as needed, not to exceed 7500 mg (15 tablets) in 24 hours.
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Dose Adjustments

Renal Impairment:

Mild: Use with caution; monitor serum calcium levels.
Moderate: Use with caution; monitor serum calcium levels closely. Dosage reduction may be necessary.
Severe: Contraindicated in severe renal impairment due to risk of hypercalcemia and milk-alkali syndrome.
Dialysis: Generally contraindicated. If used, extreme caution and frequent monitoring of calcium and phosphate levels are required.

Hepatic Impairment:

Mild: No specific adjustment needed.
Moderate: No specific adjustment needed.
Severe: No specific adjustment needed.

Pharmacology

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Mechanism of Action

Calcium carbonate acts as an antacid by neutralizing gastric acid (hydrochloric acid) in the stomach to form calcium chloride, water, and carbon dioxide. This increases gastric pH, which can relieve symptoms of heartburn, indigestion, and sour stomach. As a calcium supplement, it provides an exogenous source of calcium, an essential mineral for bone formation, nerve transmission, muscle contraction, and other physiological processes.
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Pharmacokinetics

Absorption:

Bioavailability: Variable (approximately 20-30% of elemental calcium is absorbed systemically, depending on gastric acid, vitamin D status, and dose).
Tmax: Not directly applicable for antacid effect (immediate upon contact). For systemic absorption, variable (hours).
FoodEffect: Food can enhance absorption by stimulating gastric acid secretion, which is necessary for calcium carbonate solubilization.

Distribution:

Vd: Not well-defined for calcium; primarily distributed to bone (99%), with a small percentage in extracellular fluid and soft tissues.
ProteinBinding: Approximately 40-45% bound to plasma proteins (primarily albumin).
CnssPenetration: Limited

Elimination:

HalfLife: Not a typical drug half-life; calcium homeostasis is tightly regulated. Systemic calcium has a complex turnover.
Clearance: Renal excretion of absorbed calcium; unabsorbed calcium is eliminated in feces.
ExcretionRoute: Renal (absorbed calcium), Fecal (unabsorbed calcium)
Unchanged: Not applicable (reacts in stomach)
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Pharmacodynamics

OnsetOfAction: Within minutes (for antacid effect)
PeakEffect: Within minutes (for antacid effect)
DurationOfAction: Approximately 30-60 minutes (for antacid effect), longer if taken with food.

Safety & Warnings

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Side Effects

Urgent Side Effects: Seek Medical Help Right Away
If you experience any of the following symptoms, call your doctor immediately or seek emergency medical attention. Although rare, some people may have severe and potentially life-threatening side effects when taking this medication. Be aware of the following signs of a serious allergic reaction:
- Rash
- Hives
- Itching
- Red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin (with or without fever)
- Wheezing
- Tightness in the chest or throat
- Trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking
- Unusual hoarseness
- Swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat

Other Possible Side Effects
Like all medications, this drug can cause side effects. However, many people do not experience any side effects or only have mild ones. If you are bothered by any of the following side effects or if they do not go away, contact your doctor for advice:
- Constipation
Please note that this list is not exhaustive, and you may experience other side effects. If you have questions or concerns about side effects, consult your doctor.

Reporting Side Effects
For medical advice about side effects, contact your doctor. You can also report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-332-1088 or online at https://www.fda.gov/medwatch.
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Seek Immediate Medical Attention If You Experience:

  • Severe stomach pain or cramping
  • Black, tarry stools (may indicate bleeding)
  • Vomiting blood or material that looks like coffee grounds
  • Symptoms of hypercalcemia: nausea, vomiting, constipation, increased thirst, increased urination, muscle weakness, fatigue, confusion.
  • Symptoms of kidney stones: severe back or side pain, blood in urine, painful urination.
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Before Using This Medicine

Before Taking This Medication: Important Information to Share with Your Doctor

It is essential to inform your doctor about the following:

Any allergies you have, including allergies to this medication, its components, or other substances, such as foods or drugs. Be sure to describe the symptoms you experienced as a result of the allergy.
If you have elevated calcium levels in your blood.

Additionally, this medication may interact with other health conditions or medications. Therefore, it is crucial to provide your doctor and pharmacist with a comprehensive list of:

All prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) medications you are taking
Any natural products or vitamins you are using
* Your existing health problems

To ensure your safety, do not start, stop, or modify the dosage of any medication without first consulting your doctor. It is vital to verify that it is safe to take this medication in combination with your other medications and health conditions.
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Precautions & Cautions

It is essential to inform all your healthcare providers, including doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and dentists, that you are taking this medication. If you have a known allergy to tartrazine (also referred to as FD&C Yellow No. 5), consult your doctor, as some formulations of this drug may contain this ingredient.

When taking this medication, be aware that it may interfere with the absorption of other oral medications. To minimize potential interactions, your doctor may recommend taking other oral drugs at a different time than this medication. Discuss your medication regimen with your doctor to determine the best schedule.

If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are currently breast-feeding, notify your doctor. You and your doctor will need to carefully weigh the benefits and risks of this medication to both you and your baby to make an informed decision about its use.
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Overdose Information

Overdose Symptoms:

  • Severe constipation
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Loss of appetite
  • Unusual tiredness or weakness
  • Frequent urination
  • Increased thirst
  • Muscle pain or weakness
  • Bone pain
  • Confusion
  • Irregular heartbeats
  • Kidney stones (with chronic overdose)

What to Do:

Immediately contact a poison control center (1-800-222-1222) or seek emergency medical attention. Treatment may involve hydration, diuretics, and monitoring of electrolyte levels.

Drug Interactions

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Major Interactions

  • Tetracyclines (e.g., doxycycline, minocycline): Calcium can chelate these antibiotics, significantly reducing their absorption. Separate administration by at least 2-4 hours.
  • Fluoroquinolones (e.g., ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin): Calcium can chelate these antibiotics, significantly reducing their absorption. Separate administration by at least 2-6 hours.
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Moderate Interactions

  • Bisphosphonates (e.g., alendronate, risedronate): Calcium can interfere with their absorption. Separate administration by at least 30 minutes to 2 hours.
  • Thyroid hormones (e.g., levothyroxine): Calcium can reduce levothyroxine absorption. Separate administration by at least 4 hours.
  • Iron supplements: Calcium can reduce iron absorption. Separate administration by at least 2 hours.
  • Digoxin: Hypercalcemia (from excessive calcium carbonate intake) can increase the risk of digoxin toxicity, especially in patients with renal impairment.
  • Phenytoin: Calcium can reduce phenytoin absorption. Separate administration by at least 2-3 hours.
  • Thiazide diuretics: Can decrease urinary calcium excretion, increasing the risk of hypercalcemia.
  • Vitamin D analogs (e.g., calcitriol): Increase calcium absorption, potentially leading to hypercalcemia when co-administered with calcium supplements.
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Minor Interactions

  • Acid-suppressing agents (e.g., PPIs, H2 blockers): May reduce calcium carbonate solubility and absorption if taken chronically, as gastric acid is needed for dissolution.

Monitoring

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Routine Monitoring

Serum Calcium

Frequency: Not typically needed for occasional antacid use. For chronic high-dose use or in patients with renal impairment, every 3-6 months or as clinically indicated.

Target: 8.5-10.5 mg/dL (2.1-2.6 mmol/L)

Action Threshold: Levels > 10.5 mg/dL (hypercalcemia) warrant dose reduction or discontinuation and investigation.

Renal Function (Creatinine, BUN)

Frequency: For chronic high-dose use or in patients with pre-existing renal impairment, every 6-12 months or as clinically indicated.

Target: Normal ranges for age and sex

Action Threshold: Significant decline in renal function may necessitate dose adjustment or discontinuation due to increased hypercalcemia risk.

Symptoms of Hypercalcemia

Frequency: Ongoing patient education and monitoring.

Target: Absence of symptoms

Action Threshold: Presence of symptoms like nausea, vomiting, constipation, polyuria, polydipsia, muscle weakness, fatigue, confusion.

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Symptom Monitoring

  • Heartburn relief
  • Indigestion relief
  • Constipation (common side effect)
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Loss of appetite
  • Unusual tiredness or weakness
  • Frequent urination
  • Increased thirst
  • Muscle pain or weakness
  • Confusion (signs of hypercalcemia)

Special Patient Groups

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Pregnancy

Generally considered safe for use during pregnancy when taken at recommended doses for antacid or calcium supplementation. Calcium requirements increase during pregnancy, and calcium carbonate is a common source. Consult a healthcare provider before use.

Trimester-Specific Risks:

First Trimester: Low risk; often used for morning sickness or heartburn.
Second Trimester: Low risk; commonly used for calcium supplementation and heartburn.
Third Trimester: Low risk; commonly used for calcium supplementation and heartburn.
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Lactation

Considered safe for use during lactation. Calcium is a normal component of breast milk, and maternal calcium carbonate use at recommended doses is not expected to harm the infant.

Infant Risk: Low risk
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Pediatric Use

Use in children under 12 years should be under the guidance of a healthcare professional, especially for long-term use or for conditions other than occasional antacid relief. Dosing must be age-appropriate. Risk of constipation and potential for hypercalcemia with excessive use.

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Geriatric Use

Use with caution in elderly patients, especially those with pre-existing renal impairment, due to an increased risk of hypercalcemia and constipation. Monitor renal function and serum calcium levels if used chronically or at higher doses.

Clinical Information

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Clinical Pearls

  • Calcium carbonate is most effective as an antacid when chewed thoroughly before swallowing.
  • For optimal calcium absorption, take calcium carbonate with food.
  • Separate calcium carbonate from other medications (especially antibiotics, iron, thyroid hormones) by at least 2-4 hours to prevent absorption interference.
  • Chronic high-dose use can lead to constipation, hypercalcemia, and in rare cases, milk-alkali syndrome (especially with concomitant dairy intake or renal impairment).
  • Patients with a history of kidney stones should use calcium carbonate cautiously and under medical supervision.
  • Not recommended for long-term daily use as an antacid without medical advice, as it may mask underlying conditions.
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Alternative Therapies

  • Other antacids (e.g., aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate)
  • H2-receptor antagonists (H2RAs) (e.g., famotidine, ranitidine - though ranitidine is largely off-market)
  • Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) (e.g., omeprazole, esomeprazole)
  • Alginate-based products (e.g., Gaviscon)
  • Dietary calcium sources (for supplementation)
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Cost & Coverage

Average Cost: $5 - $20 per 100-150 tablets
Generic Available: Yes
Insurance Coverage: Over-the-counter (OTC) - generally not covered by prescription plans unless prescribed for a specific medical condition (e.g., hypocalcemia) and submitted with a prior authorization.
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General Drug Facts

If your symptoms or health issues persist or worsen, it is essential to contact your doctor promptly. To ensure safe and effective treatment, never share your medication with others or take someone else's medication. Some medications may come with an additional patient information leaflet, so it's a good idea to check with your pharmacist for more information. If you have any questions or concerns about your medication, don't hesitate to reach out to your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other healthcare provider. In the event of a suspected overdose, immediately call your local poison control center or seek emergency medical attention. When seeking help, be prepared to provide details about the medication taken, the amount, and the time it happened.