Hyoscyamine 0.125mg Oral Dis Tabs

Hyoscyamine is a belladonna alkaloid that acts as a non-selective muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist. It competitively blocks the action of acetylcholine at postganglionic parasympathetic neuroeffector sites, leading to inhibition of smooth muscle contraction, reduction of glandular secretions (salivary, gastric, bronchial, sweat), and relaxation of various muscles including those in the gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, and eye. Its antispasmodic effect on the GI tract reduces motility and tone.

Urgent Side Effects: Seek Medical Help Right Away

While rare, some people may experience severe and potentially life-threatening side effects when taking this medication. If you notice any of the following symptoms, contact your doctor or seek immediate medical attention:

Signs of an allergic reaction, such as:
+ Rash
+ Hives
+ Itching
+ Red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever
+ Wheezing
+ Tightness in the chest or throat
+ Trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking
+ Unusual hoarseness
+ Swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat
Severe dizziness or fainting
Diarrhea
Confusion
Mood changes
Changes in behavior
Hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that are not there)
Memory problems or loss
Trouble sleeping
Changes in speech
Changes in balance
Changes in eyesight, eye pain, or severe eye irritation
Difficulty urinating
Inability to sweat during physical activity or in warm temperatures
Fever
Flushing
Abnormal or rapid heartbeat
Erectile dysfunction

Other Possible Side Effects

Like all medications, this drug can cause side effects. Although many people may not experience any side effects or only minor ones, it's essential to discuss any concerns with your doctor. If you experience any of the following side effects, or if they persist or bother you, contact your doctor:

Dizziness
Drowsiness
Fatigue
Weakness
Blurred vision
Constipation
Dry mouth
Dry eyes
Headache
Nausea or vomiting
Stomach pain
Changes in taste
Nervousness or excitability
Feeling full

Reporting Side Effects

This list is not exhaustive, and you may experience other side effects. If you have questions or concerns, contact your doctor. You can also report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-332-1088 or online at https://www.fda.gov/medwatch.

Before Taking This Medication: Important Information to Share with Your Doctor

It is essential to inform your doctor about the following:

Any allergies you have, including allergies to this medication, its components, or other substances, such as foods or drugs. Be sure to describe the allergic reaction you experienced, including any symptoms that occurred.
Certain health conditions, including:
+ Bowel blockage
+ Bleeding problems
+ Diarrhea
+ Enlarged colon
+ Glaucoma
+ Heart problems
+ Myasthenia gravis
+ Slow-moving gastrointestinal (GI) tract
+ Abnormalities of the esophagus
+ Ulcerative colitis
+ Difficulty urinating

Please note that this list is not exhaustive, and it is crucial to discuss all your health problems with your doctor.

Additionally, inform your doctor and pharmacist about all the medications you are taking, including:
Prescription medications
Over-the-counter (OTC) medications
Natural products
Vitamins

It is vital to verify that it is safe to take this medication with all your other medications and health conditions. Do not initiate, stop, or modify the dose of any medication without first consulting your doctor.

It is essential to inform all your healthcare providers, including doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and dentists, that you are taking this medication.

Before operating a vehicle or engaging in activities that require alertness and clear vision, wait until you understand how this medication affects you.

Consult your doctor before consuming alcohol, using marijuana or other cannabis products, or taking prescription or over-the-counter medications that may impair your reactions.

There is a risk of heat stroke associated with this medication, particularly in hot weather or during physical activity. Therefore, exercise caution in these situations.

To manage dry mouth, practice good oral hygiene, and consider sucking on hard, sugar-free candy or chewing sugar-free gum. Regular dental check-ups are also recommended.

If you are 65 years or older, use this medication with caution, as you may be more susceptible to side effects.

Note that different brands of this medication may be suitable for children of varying ages. Before administering this medication to a child, consult with their doctor.

When giving this medication to a child, use it with caution, as the risk of certain side effects may be higher in pediatric patients.

If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, inform your doctor. It is crucial to discuss the potential benefits and risks of this medication to both you and your baby.

• Potassium chloride (solid oral dosage forms) - increased risk of GI lesions due to delayed transit time.

• Other anticholinergics (e.g., atropine, scopolamine, dicyclomine, tricyclic antidepressants, antihistamines, phenothiazines, quinidine, disopyramide, amantadine) - additive anticholinergic effects (dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, constipation, CNS effects).
• Opioid analgesics - increased risk of severe constipation and paralytic ileus.
• Digoxin - may increase digoxin levels due to delayed gastric emptying.
• Ketoconazole, Itraconazole - decreased absorption of antifungals due to increased gastric pH.

• Antacids - may interfere with absorption of hyoscyamine ODT; administer hyoscyamine at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after antacids.
• Drugs that increase gastric pH (e.g., H2 blockers, PPIs) - may affect absorption of other drugs that require an acidic environment.
• Metoclopramide - antagonistic effects (hyoscyamine decreases GI motility, metoclopramide increases it).

• Not specifically categorized as minor, but general caution with any drug affecting GI motility or CNS.

• Dry mouth
• Blurred vision
• Constipation
• Urinary hesitancy or difficulty
• Dizziness
• Drowsiness
• Confusion (especially in elderly)
• Tachycardia
• Flushing
• Fever

Category C. Use only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Animal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant use of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks.

Excreted into breast milk. Use with caution. May decrease milk production. Monitor infant for signs of anticholinergic effects (e.g., constipation, drowsiness, dry mouth).

Use with caution, especially in children under 2 years, as they may be more susceptible to the toxic effects of anticholinergic agents. Dosing must be carefully calculated based on age and weight. Risk of hyperthermia is increased in children.

Increased sensitivity to anticholinergic effects (e.g., confusion, memory impairment, urinary retention, constipation, dry mouth, blurred vision). Start with lower doses and titrate slowly. Avoid in elderly patients with cognitive impairment or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with urinary retention.

• Hyoscyamine ODT offers rapid onset of action due to sublingual/buccal absorption, making it useful for acute spasm relief.
• Patients should be instructed not to chew or crush the ODT, but to allow it to dissolve on the tongue.
• Educate patients on common anticholinergic side effects and strategies to manage them (e.g., sugar-free candies/gum for dry mouth, increased fluid intake for constipation).
• Caution patients about the risk of heatstroke due to decreased sweating, especially during exercise or in hot environments.
• Hyoscyamine is often used as an adjunct therapy for conditions like IBS, peptic ulcer disease, and neurogenic bladder, rather than a sole treatment.

• Dicyclomine (another anticholinergic antispasmodic)
• Atropine (for specific indications)
• Scopolamine (for specific indications, e.g., motion sickness)
• Mebeverine (not available in US)
• For IBS: Fiber supplements, antidiarrheals (loperamide), laxatives, tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), SSRIs, rifaximin, lubiprostone, linaclotide, eluxadoline.
• For overactive bladder: Oxybutynin, tolterodine, solifenacin, mirabegron.

If your symptoms or health issues persist or worsen, it's essential to contact your doctor for further guidance. To ensure your safety, never share your medication with others or take someone else's medication. Some medications may come with an additional patient information leaflet, so be sure to check with your pharmacist for more information. If you have any questions or concerns about this medication, don't hesitate to reach out to your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other healthcare provider. In the event of a suspected overdose, immediately call your local poison control center or seek medical attention. When seeking help, be prepared to provide details about the medication, including the amount taken and the time it happened, to ensure you receive the best possible care.