Crexont 87.5-350mg Capsules
It is used to treat Parkinson's disease.It is used to treat signs like Parkinson's disease caused by other health problems.It may be given to you for other reasons. Talk with the doctor.
Drug Class
Anti-Parkinson agent
Pharmacologic Class
Dopamine precursor; decarboxylase inhibitor
Pregnancy Category
Category C
FDA Approved
Jan 2015
DEA Schedule
Not Controlled
Overview
What is this medicine?
Crexont is a medication used to treat Parkinson's disease. It contains two medicines: carbidopa and levodopa. Levodopa helps replace a natural substance in your brain called dopamine, which is low in Parkinson's disease. Carbidopa helps levodopa work better by preventing it from breaking down too quickly in your body before it reaches your brain. This extended-release capsule is designed to release the medicine slowly over time to provide more consistent symptom control.
How to Use This Medicine
Taking Your Medication
To get the most benefit from your medication, follow your doctor's instructions carefully. Read all the information provided with your medication and follow the instructions closely. You can take this medication with or without food. Swallow the tablet whole - do not chew, break, or crush it. If you have trouble swallowing the tablet whole, some products can be opened and mixed with applesauce. However, you must swallow the mixture immediately without chewing. Check with your doctor or pharmacist to see if your specific product can be mixed with applesauce.
Your doctor may recommend taking your first dose of the day 1 to 2 hours before eating. If you are already taking this medication, do not change your food schedule without consulting your doctor first. Some products should not be taken with alcohol, as this can increase the risk of side effects. Talk to your doctor before consuming alcohol while taking this medication.
If you take iron supplements or multivitamins with iron, ask your doctor or pharmacist how to take them with this medication, as iron may interfere with its absorption. A diet high in protein, fat, or calories, as well as acidic foods, may also affect how well your body absorbs this medication. Discuss your diet with your doctor, especially if you plan to make any changes.
Continuing Your Medication
Continue taking this medication even when you are not experiencing symptoms. Keep a diary to track your symptoms. Take this medication at the same time every day, as directed by your doctor or healthcare provider, even if you feel well.
Storing and Disposing of Your Medication
Store your medication at room temperature, away from light and moisture. Do not store it in a bathroom. Keep all medications in a safe place, out of reach of children and pets. Dispose of unused or expired medications properly. Do not flush them down the toilet or pour them down the drain unless instructed to do so. Check with your pharmacist for guidance on disposing of medications, and consider participating in a drug take-back program in your area.
Missing a Dose
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take two doses at the same time or take extra doses.
To get the most benefit from your medication, follow your doctor's instructions carefully. Read all the information provided with your medication and follow the instructions closely. You can take this medication with or without food. Swallow the tablet whole - do not chew, break, or crush it. If you have trouble swallowing the tablet whole, some products can be opened and mixed with applesauce. However, you must swallow the mixture immediately without chewing. Check with your doctor or pharmacist to see if your specific product can be mixed with applesauce.
Your doctor may recommend taking your first dose of the day 1 to 2 hours before eating. If you are already taking this medication, do not change your food schedule without consulting your doctor first. Some products should not be taken with alcohol, as this can increase the risk of side effects. Talk to your doctor before consuming alcohol while taking this medication.
If you take iron supplements or multivitamins with iron, ask your doctor or pharmacist how to take them with this medication, as iron may interfere with its absorption. A diet high in protein, fat, or calories, as well as acidic foods, may also affect how well your body absorbs this medication. Discuss your diet with your doctor, especially if you plan to make any changes.
Continuing Your Medication
Continue taking this medication even when you are not experiencing symptoms. Keep a diary to track your symptoms. Take this medication at the same time every day, as directed by your doctor or healthcare provider, even if you feel well.
Storing and Disposing of Your Medication
Store your medication at room temperature, away from light and moisture. Do not store it in a bathroom. Keep all medications in a safe place, out of reach of children and pets. Dispose of unused or expired medications properly. Do not flush them down the toilet or pour them down the drain unless instructed to do so. Check with your pharmacist for guidance on disposing of medications, and consider participating in a drug take-back program in your area.
Missing a Dose
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular schedule. Do not take two doses at the same time or take extra doses.
Lifestyle & Tips
- Take Crexont exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not crush, chew, or divide the capsules; swallow them whole.
- Take Crexont with or without food, but be aware that high-protein meals may reduce the effectiveness of the medication. If you experience nausea, taking it with a low-protein snack may help.
- Avoid sudden changes in position (e.g., standing up quickly) to minimize dizziness or lightheadedness caused by orthostatic hypotension.
- Do not stop taking this medication suddenly without consulting your doctor, as this can lead to serious withdrawal symptoms (neuroleptic malignant syndrome-like syndrome).
- Report any new or worsening side effects, especially involuntary movements (dyskinesia), hallucinations, unusual urges (e.g., gambling, shopping), or changes in mood.
Available Forms & Alternatives
Dosing & Administration
Adult Dosing
Standard Dose:
Initial dose is highly individualized based on patient's current levodopa/carbidopa regimen. For patients naive to levodopa, a common starting dose for extended-release capsules might be 23.75 mg carbidopa/95 mg levodopa orally three times daily. The 87.5-350mg capsule is a higher strength typically used for maintenance.
Dose Range:
23.75 - 600 mg
Condition-Specific Dosing:
Parkinson's Disease:
Dose should be titrated slowly, typically by increasing the levodopa component by 50-100 mg every few days to weekly, until an optimal response is achieved with minimal side effects. The 87.5-350mg capsule contains 87.5mg carbidopa and 350mg levodopa. Maximum recommended daily dose of levodopa is generally 1600 mg, and carbidopa is 400 mg.
Pediatric Dosing
Neonatal:
Not established
Infant:
Not established
Child:
Not established
Adolescent:
Not established
Dose Adjustments
Renal Impairment:
Mild:
No specific dose adjustment recommended, use with caution.
Moderate:
No specific dose adjustment recommended, use with caution.
Severe:
No specific dose adjustment recommended, use with caution; monitor for adverse effects.
Dialysis:
Not well studied; use with caution and monitor for adverse effects.
Hepatic Impairment:
Mild:
No specific dose adjustment recommended, use with caution.
Moderate:
No specific dose adjustment recommended, use with caution.
Severe:
No specific dose adjustment recommended, use with caution; monitor for adverse effects.
Pharmacology
Mechanism of Action
Carbidopa inhibits the peripheral decarboxylation of levodopa, thereby increasing the amount of levodopa available for transport to the central nervous system (CNS). Levodopa crosses the blood-brain barrier and is converted to dopamine in the brain by dopa decarboxylase. Dopamine then acts as a neurotransmitter to alleviate the symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption:
Bioavailability:
Varies (approx. 60-80% for levodopa with carbidopa, but can be lower for ER formulations due to slower release)
Tmax:
2-3 hours (for levodopa from ER formulation, can be up to 6 hours for some formulations)
FoodEffect:
High-protein meals can significantly reduce levodopa absorption and transport across the blood-brain barrier. Taking with food can reduce GI upset but may delay absorption.
Distribution:
Vd:
0.9-1.6 L/kg (levodopa)
ProteinBinding:
Low (<10% for levodopa)
CnssPenetration:
Yes (levodopa); Limited (carbidopa does not readily cross the blood-brain barrier)
Elimination:
HalfLife:
1.5-2 hours (levodopa with carbidopa, can be longer for ER formulations, up to 4-6 hours)
Clearance:
Not readily available for specific ER formulations, but primarily renal.
ExcretionRoute:
Renal (primarily as metabolites)
Unchanged:
<1% (levodopa)
Pharmacodynamics
OnsetOfAction:
Variable, typically within 30-60 minutes for initial effect, but full therapeutic effect may take days to weeks of titration.
PeakEffect:
2-3 hours (for levodopa from ER formulation)
DurationOfAction:
4-6 hours (for ER formulation, can be longer than IR)
Safety & Warnings
Side Effects
Urgent Side Effects: Seek Medical Help Right Away
Although rare, some people may experience severe and potentially life-threatening side effects while taking this medication. If you notice any of the following symptoms, contact your doctor or seek immediate medical attention:
Signs of an allergic reaction, such as:
+ Rash
+ Hives
+ Itching
+ Red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever
+ Wheezing
+ Tightness in the chest or throat
+ Trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking
+ Unusual hoarseness
+ Swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat
Signs of high or low blood pressure, including:
+ Severe headache or dizziness
+ Passing out
+ Changes in eyesight
New or worsening behavior or mood changes, such as:
+ Depression
+ Thoughts of suicide
Hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that are not there)
Feeling confused
Strong, uncontrollable urges (e.g., eating, gambling, sex, or spending money)
A skin lump or growth
Changes in the color or size of a mole
New or worsening trouble controlling body movements
Eyelid twitching
Muscle twitching
Stomach pain
Black, tarry, or bloody stools
Vomiting blood or material that looks like coffee grounds
Chest pain or pressure
Fast or abnormal heartbeat
Fever, chills, or sore throat
Unexplained bruising or bleeding
Feeling extremely tired or weak
Dark urine or yellow skin and eyes
Changes in eyesight, eye pain, or severe eye irritation
Shortness of breath
Some people have experienced sudden, uncontrollable sleepiness while taking this medication, even if they felt alert beforehand. This can occur up to 1 year after starting the medication. If you fall asleep during activities like driving, eating, or talking, do not drive or engage in tasks that require alertness. Contact your doctor immediately if you experience excessive sleepiness or fall asleep unexpectedly.
Other Possible Side Effects
Like all medications, this drug can cause side effects. Many people may not experience any side effects or may only have mild ones. If you notice any of the following side effects or any other symptoms that bother you or do not go away, contact your doctor:
Bad dreams
Constipation
Dizziness or sleepiness
Dry mouth
Headache
Trouble sleeping
Some products may cause a dark red, brown, or black color to appear in your saliva, urine, or sweat (this is harmless but may discolor your clothes)
Upset stomach or vomiting
This is not an exhaustive list of possible side effects. If you have questions or concerns about side effects, contact your doctor. You can also report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-332-1088 or online at https://www.fda.gov/medwatch.
Although rare, some people may experience severe and potentially life-threatening side effects while taking this medication. If you notice any of the following symptoms, contact your doctor or seek immediate medical attention:
Signs of an allergic reaction, such as:
+ Rash
+ Hives
+ Itching
+ Red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever
+ Wheezing
+ Tightness in the chest or throat
+ Trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking
+ Unusual hoarseness
+ Swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat
Signs of high or low blood pressure, including:
+ Severe headache or dizziness
+ Passing out
+ Changes in eyesight
New or worsening behavior or mood changes, such as:
+ Depression
+ Thoughts of suicide
Hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that are not there)
Feeling confused
Strong, uncontrollable urges (e.g., eating, gambling, sex, or spending money)
A skin lump or growth
Changes in the color or size of a mole
New or worsening trouble controlling body movements
Eyelid twitching
Muscle twitching
Stomach pain
Black, tarry, or bloody stools
Vomiting blood or material that looks like coffee grounds
Chest pain or pressure
Fast or abnormal heartbeat
Fever, chills, or sore throat
Unexplained bruising or bleeding
Feeling extremely tired or weak
Dark urine or yellow skin and eyes
Changes in eyesight, eye pain, or severe eye irritation
Shortness of breath
Some people have experienced sudden, uncontrollable sleepiness while taking this medication, even if they felt alert beforehand. This can occur up to 1 year after starting the medication. If you fall asleep during activities like driving, eating, or talking, do not drive or engage in tasks that require alertness. Contact your doctor immediately if you experience excessive sleepiness or fall asleep unexpectedly.
Other Possible Side Effects
Like all medications, this drug can cause side effects. Many people may not experience any side effects or may only have mild ones. If you notice any of the following side effects or any other symptoms that bother you or do not go away, contact your doctor:
Bad dreams
Constipation
Dizziness or sleepiness
Dry mouth
Headache
Trouble sleeping
Some products may cause a dark red, brown, or black color to appear in your saliva, urine, or sweat (this is harmless but may discolor your clothes)
Upset stomach or vomiting
This is not an exhaustive list of possible side effects. If you have questions or concerns about side effects, contact your doctor. You can also report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-332-1088 or online at https://www.fda.gov/medwatch.
Seek Immediate Medical Attention If You Experience:
- New or worsening involuntary movements (dyskinesia)
- Hallucinations, delusions, or confusion
- Dizziness or fainting upon standing (orthostatic hypotension)
- Unusual urges or behaviors (e.g., gambling, hypersexuality, compulsive shopping)
- Severe nausea or vomiting
- Sudden onset of sleep during daily activities
- Darkening of urine, sweat, or saliva (a harmless side effect)
Before Using This Medicine
Before Taking This Medication: Important Information to Share with Your Doctor
It is essential to inform your doctor about the following:
Any allergies you have, including allergies to this medication, its components, or other substances, such as foods or drugs. Be sure to describe the allergic reaction you experienced.
Certain health conditions, including:
+ Glaucoma
+ Skin lumps or growths
+ A history of skin cancer
Medications you are currently taking, such as:
+ Reserpine or tetrabenazine
+ Linezolid or methylene blue
If you have taken specific medications for depression or Parkinson's disease within the last 14 days, including:
+ Isocarboxazid
+ Phenelzine
+ Tranylcypromine
+ Selegiline
+ Rasagiline (note: taking this medication with these drugs can lead to very high blood pressure)
* If you are taking another medication that contains the same active ingredient as this drug
This list is not exhaustive, and it is crucial to inform your doctor and pharmacist about all your medications, including prescription and over-the-counter drugs, natural products, and vitamins, as well as any health problems you have. This will help ensure your safety while taking this medication. Never start, stop, or change the dose of any medication without first consulting your doctor.
It is essential to inform your doctor about the following:
Any allergies you have, including allergies to this medication, its components, or other substances, such as foods or drugs. Be sure to describe the allergic reaction you experienced.
Certain health conditions, including:
+ Glaucoma
+ Skin lumps or growths
+ A history of skin cancer
Medications you are currently taking, such as:
+ Reserpine or tetrabenazine
+ Linezolid or methylene blue
If you have taken specific medications for depression or Parkinson's disease within the last 14 days, including:
+ Isocarboxazid
+ Phenelzine
+ Tranylcypromine
+ Selegiline
+ Rasagiline (note: taking this medication with these drugs can lead to very high blood pressure)
* If you are taking another medication that contains the same active ingredient as this drug
This list is not exhaustive, and it is crucial to inform your doctor and pharmacist about all your medications, including prescription and over-the-counter drugs, natural products, and vitamins, as well as any health problems you have. This will help ensure your safety while taking this medication. Never start, stop, or change the dose of any medication without first consulting your doctor.
Precautions & Cautions
It is essential to inform all your healthcare providers, including doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and dentists, that you are taking this medication. This will help ensure they have a complete understanding of your treatment plan and can provide the best possible care.
To minimize the risk of accidents, avoid driving and engaging in other activities that require alertness until you understand how this medication affects you. Additionally, to reduce the likelihood of dizziness or fainting, rise slowly from a sitting or lying position, and exercise caution when navigating stairs.
This medication may interfere with certain laboratory tests, so it is crucial to notify all your healthcare providers and laboratory personnel that you are taking this drug. Furthermore, adhere to your doctor's recommendations regarding blood work and eye exams to monitor your condition effectively.
If you have diabetes (high blood sugar), consult with your doctor to determine the most suitable glucose tests to use. You may experience a decrease in the medication's effectiveness as the time for your next dose approaches, a phenomenon known as "wearing off." If this occurs and causes you concern, discuss it with your doctor.
Before consuming alcohol, marijuana, or other forms of cannabis, or taking prescription or over-the-counter medications that may impair your reactions, consult with your doctor. It is also important to note that people with Parkinson's disease may have an increased risk of developing a type of skin cancer called melanoma, although it is unclear whether this medication contributes to this risk. Regular skin exams are recommended while taking this medication, and you should discuss any concerns with your doctor.
Do not abruptly discontinue or reduce your dosage of this medication without consulting your doctor, as this may lead to severe or potentially life-threatening side effects. These symptoms may include fever, muscle cramps or stiffness, dizziness, severe headache, confusion, altered mental status, abnormal heartbeat, or excessive sweating. If you experience any of these symptoms, contact your doctor immediately.
If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, inform your doctor to discuss the potential benefits and risks of this medication to both you and your baby.
To minimize the risk of accidents, avoid driving and engaging in other activities that require alertness until you understand how this medication affects you. Additionally, to reduce the likelihood of dizziness or fainting, rise slowly from a sitting or lying position, and exercise caution when navigating stairs.
This medication may interfere with certain laboratory tests, so it is crucial to notify all your healthcare providers and laboratory personnel that you are taking this drug. Furthermore, adhere to your doctor's recommendations regarding blood work and eye exams to monitor your condition effectively.
If you have diabetes (high blood sugar), consult with your doctor to determine the most suitable glucose tests to use. You may experience a decrease in the medication's effectiveness as the time for your next dose approaches, a phenomenon known as "wearing off." If this occurs and causes you concern, discuss it with your doctor.
Before consuming alcohol, marijuana, or other forms of cannabis, or taking prescription or over-the-counter medications that may impair your reactions, consult with your doctor. It is also important to note that people with Parkinson's disease may have an increased risk of developing a type of skin cancer called melanoma, although it is unclear whether this medication contributes to this risk. Regular skin exams are recommended while taking this medication, and you should discuss any concerns with your doctor.
Do not abruptly discontinue or reduce your dosage of this medication without consulting your doctor, as this may lead to severe or potentially life-threatening side effects. These symptoms may include fever, muscle cramps or stiffness, dizziness, severe headache, confusion, altered mental status, abnormal heartbeat, or excessive sweating. If you experience any of these symptoms, contact your doctor immediately.
If you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding, inform your doctor to discuss the potential benefits and risks of this medication to both you and your baby.
Overdose Information
Overdose Symptoms:
- Severe involuntary movements (dyskinesia)
- Agitation, confusion, disorientation
- Palpitations, irregular heartbeat
- Orthostatic hypotension
- Nausea, vomiting
- Insomnia
What to Do:
Seek immediate medical attention or call a poison control center (e.g., 1-800-222-1222). Management is supportive, including gastric lavage, IV fluids, and careful monitoring of cardiac and respiratory function. Antidyskinetic agents may be considered.
Drug Interactions
Contraindicated Interactions
- Non-selective monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) (e.g., phenelzine, tranylcypromine) - concurrent use or within 2 weeks of discontinuing MAOIs due to risk of hypertensive crisis.
Major Interactions
- Antipsychotics (e.g., haloperidol, chlorpromazine, risperidone, olanzapine) - may antagonize the effects of levodopa due to dopamine receptor blockade.
- Iron salts (ferrous sulfate, ferrous gluconate) - can chelate levodopa, reducing its absorption.
- Metoclopramide - may increase levodopa absorption but also has dopamine receptor blocking effects that can antagonize levodopa.
- Phenytoin - may reduce the therapeutic effect of levodopa.
- Papaverine - may reduce the therapeutic effect of levodopa.
Moderate Interactions
- Antihypertensives - additive hypotensive effects, especially orthostatic hypotension.
- Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) - may rarely cause hypertension and dyskinesia, but generally considered safe with caution.
- Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) - large doses can reverse the effects of levodopa if carbidopa is not present in sufficient amounts (less relevant with carbidopa/levodopa combination).
- High-protein diet - can reduce levodopa absorption and transport to the brain.
Minor Interactions
- Antacids - may slightly increase levodopa absorption.
Monitoring
Baseline Monitoring
Complete Blood Count (CBC)
Rationale: To establish baseline and monitor for potential hematologic abnormalities (e.g., hemolytic anemia, leukopenia) though rare.
Timing: Prior to initiation
Liver Function Tests (LFTs)
Rationale: To establish baseline and monitor for potential hepatic dysfunction.
Timing: Prior to initiation
Renal Function Tests (RFTs)
Rationale: To establish baseline and guide dosing in severe impairment.
Timing: Prior to initiation
Cardiovascular assessment (BP, HR, EKG if indicated)
Rationale: To assess for pre-existing cardiovascular conditions and risk of orthostatic hypotension or arrhythmias.
Timing: Prior to initiation
Routine Monitoring
Motor symptoms (e.g., tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, gait)
Frequency: At each visit (e.g., every 3-6 months or as needed)
Target: Optimal symptom control with minimal dyskinesia/side effects
Action Threshold: Worsening symptoms, new or increased dyskinesia, 'wearing-off' phenomena, or 'on-off' fluctuations indicate need for dose adjustment.
Dyskinesia
Frequency: At each visit
Target: Minimal to no bothersome dyskinesia
Action Threshold: Presence of bothersome dyskinesia may require dose reduction or adjustment of dosing frequency.
Psychiatric symptoms (e.g., hallucinations, delusions, confusion, impulse control disorders)
Frequency: At each visit
Target: Absence of significant psychiatric symptoms
Action Threshold: Emergence or worsening of psychiatric symptoms may require dose reduction or addition of adjunctive therapy.
Blood Pressure (especially orthostatic)
Frequency: At each visit, especially during dose titration
Target: Stable blood pressure, no significant orthostatic drop
Action Threshold: Symptomatic orthostatic hypotension or significant drop (e.g., >20 mmHg systolic, >10 mmHg diastolic) requires intervention.
Symptom Monitoring
- Motor fluctuations ('wearing-off', 'on-off' phenomena)
- Dyskinesia (involuntary movements)
- Nausea/vomiting
- Orthostatic hypotension (dizziness upon standing)
- Hallucinations, delusions, confusion
- Impulse control disorders (e.g., pathological gambling, hypersexuality, compulsive shopping, binge eating)
- Sleep disturbances (insomnia, somnolence, sudden onset of sleep)
Special Patient Groups
Pregnancy
Category C. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Levodopa has been shown to be teratogenic in animals at high doses. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women.
Trimester-Specific Risks:
First Trimester:
Potential for teratogenicity observed in animal studies at high doses; human data limited.
Second Trimester:
Limited human data; monitor for maternal side effects.
Third Trimester:
Limited human data; monitor for maternal side effects and potential effects on neonate.
Lactation
Levodopa is excreted into human breast milk. Carbidopa may also be excreted. Due to the potential for serious adverse reactions in breastfed infants (e.g., interference with neurological development, suppression of lactation), a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.
Infant Risk:
Risk L3 (Moderately Safe) - Potential for adverse effects on infant, but limited data. Monitor infant for drowsiness, poor feeding, or unusual movements. May suppress lactation.
Pediatric Use
Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established. Carbidopa/levodopa is not indicated for use in children.
Geriatric Use
No overall differences in safety or effectiveness were observed between elderly and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out. Dose titration should be done carefully in elderly patients due to increased risk of adverse effects such as orthostatic hypotension, hallucinations, and confusion.
Clinical Information
Clinical Pearls
- Crexont 87.5-350mg is an extended-release formulation, designed to provide more sustained levodopa levels and potentially reduce 'off' time and dyskinesia compared to immediate-release formulations.
- Capsules must be swallowed whole; crushing or chewing will alter the extended-release properties and can lead to rapid absorption and increased side effects.
- Patients should be advised about the potential for impulse control disorders and orthostatic hypotension.
- Dose adjustments should be made gradually and individualized based on clinical response and tolerability.
- Patients transitioning from immediate-release carbidopa/levodopa to extended-release formulations may require careful titration and monitoring due to differences in pharmacokinetic profiles.
Alternative Therapies
- Dopamine agonists (e.g., pramipexole, ropinirole, rotigotine)
- MAO-B inhibitors (e.g., selegiline, rasagiline, safinamide)
- COMT inhibitors (e.g., entacapone, opicapone, tolcapone)
- Amantadine
- Adenosine A2A receptor antagonists (e.g., istradefylline)
- Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) for advanced Parkinson's disease
Cost & Coverage
Average Cost:
Varies widely per capsule
Generic Available:
Yes
Insurance Coverage:
Tier 2 or 3 (Specialty/Non-preferred Brand)
General Drug Facts
If your symptoms or health issues persist or worsen, it is essential to contact your doctor for further guidance. To ensure your safety, never share your medication with others or take someone else's medication. Some medications may come with an additional patient information leaflet, so it's a good idea to check with your pharmacist for more information. If you have any questions or concerns about this medication, don't hesitate to discuss them with your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other healthcare provider. In the event of a suspected overdose, immediately call your local poison control center or seek emergency medical attention. When seeking help, be prepared to provide details about the medication taken, the amount, and the time it happened.