Aceon 2mg Tablets

Perindopril is a prodrug that is hydrolyzed to perindoprilat, an active angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. ACE is a peptidyl dipeptidase that catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to the vasoconstrictor substance, angiotensin II. Angiotensin II also stimulates aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex. Inhibition of ACE results in decreased plasma angiotensin II, which leads to decreased vasoconstriction, decreased aldosterone secretion (resulting in increased sodium and water excretion and decreased potassium excretion), and increased plasma renin activity. ACE also degrades bradykinin, a potent vasodilator; thus, ACE inhibition leads to increased levels of bradykinin, contributing to the hypotensive effect.

Urgent Side Effects: Seek Medical Help Right Away

Although rare, some people may experience severe and potentially life-threatening side effects while taking this medication. If you notice any of the following symptoms, contact your doctor or seek medical attention immediately:

Signs of an allergic reaction, such as:
+ Rash
+ Hives
+ Itching
+ Red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever
+ Wheezing
+ Tightness in the chest or throat
+ Trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking
+ Unusual hoarseness
+ Swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat
Signs of kidney problems, including:
+ Inability to pass urine
+ Changes in urine output
+ Blood in the urine
+ Sudden weight gain
Signs of high potassium levels, such as:
+ Abnormal heartbeat
+ Confusion
+ Weakness, lightheadedness, or dizziness
+ Feeling like passing out
+ Numbness or tingling
+ Shortness of breath
Severe dizziness or fainting
Persistent cough
Severe stomach pain
Severe nausea or vomiting
Signs of liver problems, including:
+ Dark urine
+ Fatigue
+ Decreased appetite
+ Stomach pain or upset
+ Light-colored stools
+ Vomiting
+ Yellow skin or eyes (jaundice)
Signs of infection, such as:
+ Fever
+ Chills
+ Sore throat

Other Possible Side Effects

Most people experience either no side effects or only mild ones. However, if you notice any of the following side effects or any other unusual symptoms, contact your doctor for advice:

Cough
Dizziness
Back pain

This is not an exhaustive list of possible side effects. If you have concerns about side effects, consult your doctor. You can also report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-332-1088 or online at https://www.fda.gov/medwatch.

Before Taking This Medication: Important Information to Share with Your Doctor

It is essential to inform your doctor about the following conditions to ensure safe treatment:

Any allergies you have, including allergies to this medication, its components, or other substances, such as foods or drugs. Describe the allergic reaction you experienced, including the symptoms that occurred.
A history of angioedema, a severe and potentially life-threatening reaction characterized by symptoms such as swelling of the hands, face, lips, eyes, tongue, or throat, difficulty breathing, swallowing problems, or unusual hoarseness.
Kidney disease, as this condition may affect how your body processes the medication.
If you are taking a medication containing aliskiren, particularly if you have diabetes or kidney problems, as this combination may increase the risk of adverse effects.
* If you have taken a medication containing sacubitril within the last 36 hours, as this may interact with the current medication.

This list is not exhaustive, and it is crucial to discuss all your medications, including prescription and over-the-counter drugs, natural products, and vitamins, with your doctor and pharmacist. They will help you determine if it is safe to take this medication with your existing treatments and health conditions. Never start, stop, or adjust the dosage of any medication without consulting your doctor first.

Important Warnings and Cautions

It is essential to inform all your healthcare providers, including doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and dentists, that you are taking this medication.

Caution with Daily Activities
Until you understand how this medication affects you, avoid driving and other tasks that require alertness. To minimize the risk of dizziness or fainting, stand up slowly after sitting or lying down, and be cautious when climbing stairs.

Monitoring Your Condition
Regularly check your blood pressure as instructed by your healthcare provider. Additionally, have your blood work and other laboratory tests done as recommended by your doctor.

Interactions with Other Substances
If you are taking a salt substitute containing potassium, a potassium-sparing diuretic, or a potassium product, consult with your doctor. Similarly, if you are on a low-salt or salt-free diet, discuss this with your doctor.

Over-the-Counter (OTC) Products and Interactions
If you have high blood pressure and are taking this medication, talk to your doctor before using OTC products that may increase blood pressure, such as cough or cold medications, diet pills, stimulants, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen or naproxen, and certain natural products or aids.

Alcohol Consumption
Discuss your alcohol consumption with your doctor before drinking.

Precautions in Hot Weather and Physical Activity
Be cautious in hot weather or during physical activity, and drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration. If you experience excessive sweating, fluid loss, vomiting, or diarrhea, inform your doctor, as these conditions may lead to low blood pressure.

Effectiveness in Black Patients
This medication may be less effective in lowering blood pressure in Black patients. In some cases, another medication may be necessary in combination with this drug. If you have any questions or concerns, consult with your doctor.

Risk of Angioedema
A severe and potentially life-threatening reaction called angioedema has been reported. The risk of angioedema may be higher in Black patients.

Special Considerations for Older Adults and Breastfeeding Mothers
If you are 65 or older, use this medication with caution, as you may be more susceptible to side effects. If you are breastfeeding, discuss the potential risks to your baby with your doctor.

• Aliskiren (in patients with diabetes or renal impairment)
• Sacubitril/valsartan (Entresto) - do not co-administer within 36 hours of switching to or from an ACE inhibitor

• Potassium-sparing diuretics (e.g., spironolactone, triamterene, amiloride)
• Potassium supplements
• NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs) - increased risk of renal impairment and reduced antihypertensive effect
• Lithium - increased serum lithium levels and toxicity
• mTOR inhibitors (e.g., sirolimus, everolimus, temsirolimus) - increased risk of angioedema
• Racecadotril - increased risk of angioedema

• Diuretics (thiazide or loop) - risk of excessive hypotension, especially with initial dose
• Antidiabetic agents (insulin, oral hypoglycemics) - increased risk of hypoglycemia
• Gold (sodium aurothiomalate) - nitritoid reactions (facial flushing, nausea, vomiting, hypotension) reported rarely
• Corticosteroids - may reduce antihypertensive effect

• Alcohol - may enhance hypotensive effect

• Signs of angioedema (swelling of face, lips, tongue, glottis, larynx, extremities)
• Symptoms of hypotension (dizziness, lightheadedness, syncope)
• Persistent dry cough
• Signs of hyperkalemia (muscle weakness, fatigue, paresthesias, cardiac arrhythmias)
• Symptoms of renal dysfunction (decreased urine output, edema)

Contraindicated during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy due to risk of fetal injury and death. Discontinue as soon as pregnancy is detected.

Not recommended during breastfeeding. Perindopril and its active metabolite perindoprilat are excreted in human milk. Due to the potential for serious adverse reactions in breastfed infants, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.

Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established. Use is generally not recommended.

No overall differences in effectiveness or safety have been observed between elderly and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out. Start with lower doses (e.g., 2 mg once daily) and titrate carefully, monitoring renal function and potassium levels closely due to increased likelihood of impaired renal function.

• Administer perindopril once daily before meals, as food decreases the conversion to the active metabolite perindoprilat.
• Monitor for first-dose hypotension, especially in patients who are volume-depleted (e.g., on diuretics, dialysis, or with heart failure). Consider discontinuing diuretics 2-3 days prior to initiation if possible.
• A persistent dry, non-productive cough is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors and typically resolves upon discontinuation.
• Angioedema (swelling of the face, lips, tongue, glottis, and/or larynx) is a rare but potentially life-threatening side effect. Patients should be educated on symptoms and instructed to seek immediate medical attention if it occurs.
• Risk of hyperkalemia is increased with concomitant use of potassium-sparing diuretics, potassium supplements, NSAIDs, or in patients with renal impairment or diabetes.
• Perindopril is a good option for patients with stable coronary artery disease due to its proven cardiovascular benefits beyond blood pressure lowering.

• Other ACE inhibitors (e.g., Lisinopril, Enalapril, Ramipril)
• Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) (e.g., Losartan, Valsartan, Candesartan)
• Calcium Channel Blockers (e.g., Amlodipine, Nifedipine)
• Thiazide Diuretics (e.g., Hydrochlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone)
• Beta-blockers (e.g., Metoprolol, Carvedilol)

If your symptoms or health issues persist or worsen, it is essential to contact your doctor for further guidance. To ensure your safety, never share your medication with others or take someone else's medication. Some medications may come with an additional patient information leaflet, so it is a good idea to consult with your pharmacist. If you have any questions or concerns about this medication, do not hesitate to discuss them with your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other healthcare provider. In the event of a suspected overdose, immediately call your local poison control center or seek medical attention. When reporting the incident, be prepared to provide details about the medication taken, the amount, and the time it occurred.